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Variable Declaration - SQL
SQL's support for variables is very similar to Tutorial D's, except that the syntax for creating persistent variables-base tables-is quite different from that used to declare local variables. Example is SQL's counterpart of that example in the theory book but, as you know, CREATE TABLE is used for base tables.
Example: A Variable Declaration
DECLARE SN SID DEFAULT SID ('S1');
DECLARE in place of VAR and DEFAULT in place of INIT. The effect is exactly the same apart from the fact that, as already noted, SQL's type SID (here assumed to be a distinct type). The key word DEFAULT is perhaps a strange choice as that word normally suggests action to be taken by the system when no specific action is explicitly demanded by the user. Here it is used to state explicitly an immediate assignment to the variable being declared.
Calling Constructors: The Calls to a constructor are allowed wherever the function calls are allowed. Similarly to the functions, a constructor is called as a section of an ex
Boolean Values Only the values TRUE, FALSE, & NULL can be assigned to a Boolean variable. For illustration, given the declaration DECLARE done BOOLEAN; the following statements
Many of the reports generated from the system calculate the total dollars in a shopper''s purchases. Follow these steps to create a function named TOT_PURCH_SF that accepts a shopp
Closing a Cursor The CLOSE statements disable the cursor, and the result set becomes undefined. An illustration of the CLOSE statement as shown: CLOSE c1;
UPDATE Command- SQL Loosely speaking, UPDATE changes some of the column values of some existing rows of its target table. Thus, although some rows disappear from the target an
Initializing Objects: Till you initialize an object by calling the constructor for its object type, the object is automatically null. That is, the object itself is null, not me
Table Comparison - SQL The following definitions for relation comparisons: Let r1 and r2 be relations having the same heading. Then: r1 ⊆ r2 is true if every tuple of r1
Case Sensitivity Similar to all the identifiers, the variables, the names of constants, and parameters are not case sensitive. For illustration, PL/SQL considers the following n
What Is a Package? The package is a schema object that group logically related PL/SQL items, types, and subprograms. The Packages usually have 2 parts, a specification & a bo
Autonomous versus Nested Transactions Though an autonomous transaction is started by the other transaction, it is not a nested transaction for the reasons shown below: (i)
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