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Using %ROWTYPEThe %ROWTYPE attribute gives a record type which represents a row in a table (or view). The record can store the whole row of data selected from the table or fetched from a cursor or strongly typed cursor variable. In the illustration below, you declare two records. The first record stores a row selected from an emp table. The second record stores a row that is fetched from the cursor c1.DECLAREemp_rec emp%ROWTYPE;CURSOR c1 IS SELECT deptno, dname, loc FROM dept;dept_rec c1%ROWTYPE;The Columns in a row and corresponding fields in a record have the same names anddatatypes. Though, fields in a %ROWTYPE record do not inherit the NOT NULL column constraint.In the example below, you select column values into record emp_rec:BEGINSELECT * INTO emp_rec FROM emp WHERE...
Write a program to implement the inverted file shown in the slides (Simple Index file, LabelID file and Data file). Use the Avail_List to point at the deleted Label IDs so that th
Example of Check Constraints Example: Workaround for when subqueries not permitted in CHECK constraints CREATE FUNCTION NO_MORE_THAN_20000_ENROLMENTS ( ) RETURNS BOOLEAN
Procedural Constraint Enforcement (Triggers) SQL has an alternative method of addressing database integrity, involving event-driven procedural code. The special procedures th
Explicit Cursors The set of rows returned by the query can include zero, one, or multiple rows, depending on how many rows meet your search criteria. Whenever a query returns
THEO R Y OF ETERNITY OF LIFE (PRAYER - 1880) - The theory of eternity of life, also called the steady-state theory , states that life has ever been in existence as at presen
Cursors To execute the multi-row query, the Oracle opens an unnamed work region which stores the processing information. The cursor names the work region, access the informa
Authorisations - Privileges As relational theory is silent on the issue of authorisation, it offers nothing with which SQL's vast edifice in support of what it calls privilege
Parameter Default Values As the illustration below shows, you can initialize the IN parameters to the default values. In that way, you can pass various numbers of actual par
Components of an Object Type: An object type encapsulates the operations and data. Therefore, you can declare the methods and attributes in an object type specification, but no
Using EXCEPTION_INIT To handle unnamed internal exceptions, you should use the OTHERS handler or the pragma EXCEPTION_INIT. The pragma is a compiler directive that can be th
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