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Using %ROWTYPEThe %ROWTYPE attribute gives a record type which represents a row in a table (or view). The record can store the whole row of data selected from the table or fetched from a cursor or strongly typed cursor variable. In the illustration below, you declare two records. The first record stores a row selected from an emp table. The second record stores a row that is fetched from the cursor c1.DECLAREemp_rec emp%ROWTYPE;CURSOR c1 IS SELECT deptno, dname, loc FROM dept;dept_rec c1%ROWTYPE;The Columns in a row and corresponding fields in a record have the same names anddatatypes. Though, fields in a %ROWTYPE record do not inherit the NOT NULL column constraint.In the example below, you select column values into record emp_rec:BEGINSELECT * INTO emp_rec FROM emp WHERE...
Organi c Evolution Evolution is a slow continuous, irreversible and natural process of change to give rise to advance and diverse forms of life i.e. formation of new specie
IN Operator The operator IN tests the set membership. This means "equal to any member of." The set may have nulls, but they are ignored. For illustration, the statement below do
Data Types in SQL - Integer INTEGER or synonymously INT, for integers within a certain range. SQL additionally has types SMALLINT and BIGINT for certain ranges of integers. T
Using INNER JOIN INNER JOIN is used to retrieve the data from all tables listed based on a condition of equality listed after keyword ON. If the condition is not meet, rows ar
Package STANDARD package named STANDARD defines the PL/SQL atmosphere. The package specification globally declares the exceptions, types, and subprograms that are available a
Row Operators The Row operators return or reference the particular rows. ALL retains the duplicate rows in the result of a query or in an aggregate expression. The DISTINCT el
Usefulness of Data Type In SQL, as in most computer languages, a type can be used for constraining the values that are permitted to be used for some purpose. In particular, i
Nested Tables versus Index-by Tables The Index-by tables and nested tables are just similar. For e.g. They have similar structure and their individual elements are accessed in
Example of ADD CONSTRAINT in SQL Example: Alternative formulation for MAX_ENROLMENTS ALTER TABLE IS_ENROLLED_ON ADD CONSTRAINT MAX_ENROLMENTS CHECK ((SELECT COUNT (*)
First Step at defining type SID in SQL CREATE TYPE SID AS ( C VARCHAR(5) ) ; Explanation: TYPE SID announces that a type named SID is being defined to the syst
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