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Using %ROWTYPEThe %ROWTYPE attribute gives a record type which represents a row in a table (or view). The record can store the whole row of data selected from the table or fetched from a cursor or strongly typed cursor variable. In the illustration below, you declare two records. The first record stores a row selected from an emp table. The second record stores a row that is fetched from the cursor c1.DECLAREemp_rec emp%ROWTYPE;CURSOR c1 IS SELECT deptno, dname, loc FROM dept;dept_rec c1%ROWTYPE;The Columns in a row and corresponding fields in a record have the same names anddatatypes. Though, fields in a %ROWTYPE record do not inherit the NOT NULL column constraint.In the example below, you select column values into record emp_rec:BEGINSELECT * INTO emp_rec FROM emp WHERE...
Identifiers You use identifiers to name the PL/SQL program items and units that include constants, variables, cursors, exceptions, cursor variables, subprograms, and packages.
Exception handling In the PL/SQL, a warning or error condition is known as an exception. The Exceptions can be internally defined (by the run-time system) or user defined. The
Number Types The Number types permit you to store the numeric data (real numbers, integers, and floating-point numbers), show quantities, and do computations. BINARY_INTEG
Bulk Fetching The illustration below shows that you can bulk-fetch from a cursor into one or more collections: DECLARE TYPE NameTab IS TABLE OF emp.ename%TYPE; TYPE S
what is the use of declare keyword
Closing a Cursor Variable The CLOSE statement disables the cursor variable. After that, the related result set is undefined. The syntax for the same is as shown below: CLOS
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE Statement The EXECUTE IMMEDIATE statement prepare (parses) and instantly executes a dynamic SQL statement or an anonymous PL/SQL block. Syntax:
Aggregate Operators SQL Supports all of the aggregate operators mentioned in the theory book and many more besides. The syntax, however, involves an unusual trick that SQL cal
Example of EXCEPT Operator - SQL Example, like its counterpart in the theory book, illustrates the convenience of allowing any table expression to be the source for an INSERT
Parameter Aliasing To optimize the subprogram call, the PL/SQL compiler can decide between the two techniques of the parameter passing. With the by-value techniques, the v
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