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Using Literal Character String
Example:
To print IS A as one string with column name employee
SELECT ENAME || ' IS A ' || JOB AS "EMPLOYEE" FROM EMP;
Which language used in application programs to request data from the DBMS is referred? Language which is used in application program is DML to request data from the DBMS is ref
Consider the following relational database: STUDENT (name, student#, class, major) COURSE (course name, course#, credit hours, department) SECTION (section identifier, course#, sem
Design an algorithm to implement operations Each and every operation specified in the functional model could be formulated as an algorithm. The algorithm indicates how operat
The Concurrent Transactions Almost every commercial DBMS support multi-user environment. Therefore, allowing multiple transactions to proceed concurrently. The DBMS must make
What are the DBMS languages? Explain. Ans: a) Data Definition Languages (DDL): It is employed to specify database schema for example CREATE DROP statements etc. b) Dat
What is the use of rename operation? Rename operation is used to rename both relations and an attributes. It uses the as clause, taking the form: Old-name as new-name.
Compute the closure (F+) for the following set of the functional dependencies defined on R(a,b,c,d), where F - {c→ a, ab → d, a → b, d → c}, i.e. what are all of the FDs implied b
Suppose that in an organisation, an employee may do different roles in dissimilar projects. Say, RAM is doing coding in one project and doing designing in another. Suppose that the
Fourth Normal Form (4NF) When attributes in a relation have multi-valued dependency, further Normalization to 4NF and 5NF are needed. Let us first find out what multi-valued d
What is the use of integrity constraints? Integrity constraints make sure that changes made to the database by authorized users do not result in a loss of data consistency. The
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