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Using Host Arrays
The Client-side programs can use anonymous PL/SQL blocks to bulk-bind input and output host arrays. However, this is the well-organized way to pass the collections to and from the database server.
The Host arrays are declared in a host environment like an OCI or Pro C program and should be prefixed with a colon to differentiate them from PL/SQL collections. In the illustration below, an input host array is used in the DELETE statement. At run time, the anonymous PL/SQL block is sent to the database server for the execution.
DECLARE
...
BEGIN
-- assume that values were assigned to the host array
-- and host variables in the host environment
FORALL i IN :lower..:upper
DELETE FROM emp WHERE deptno = :depts(i);
END;
Updating Variables For assignment, SQL uses the key word SET, as in SET X = X + 1 (read as "set X equal to X+1") rather than X: = X + 1 as found in many computer languages.
Product-specific Packages The Oracle and different Oracle tools are supplied with the product-specific packages which help you to build the PL/SQL-based applications. For illu
Updating Objects: To change the attributes of objects in an object table, you can use the UPDATE statement, as the illustration below shows: BEGIN UPDATE persons p SET p
Inner Join We have learned how to retrieve data from one table by using SELECT statement. But, as we have learned, normalized relational databases mean the data is spread betw
Blocks: The fundamental program unit in the PL/SQL is the block. The PL/SQL block is defined by the keywords BEGIN, DECLARE, EXCEPTION, and END. These keywords partition the b
Scoping Within the similar scope, all the declared identifiers should be unique. So, even if their datatypes differ, the variables and parameters cannot share the similar name.
How Bulk Binds Improve Performance The assigning of values to the PL/SQL variables in SQL statements is known as binding. The binding of the whole collection at once is know
Comparison Operators The Comparison operators can compare one expression to another. The outcome is always true, false, or null. Usually, you use a comparison operators in condi
Cursor Attributes The Cursors and cursor variables have 4 attributes which give you helpful information about the execution of a data manipulation statement. Syntax:
Methods: In normal, a method is a subprogram declared in an object type specification using the keyword MEMBER or STATIC. The method cannot have similar name as the object typ
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