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Using Host Arrays
The Client-side programs can use anonymous PL/SQL blocks to bulk-bind input and output host arrays. However, this is the well-organized way to pass the collections to and from the database server.
The Host arrays are declared in a host environment like an OCI or Pro C program and should be prefixed with a colon to differentiate them from PL/SQL collections. In the illustration below, an input host array is used in the DELETE statement. At run time, the anonymous PL/SQL block is sent to the database server for the execution.
DECLARE
...
BEGIN
-- assume that values were assigned to the host array
-- and host variables in the host environment
FORALL i IN :lower..:upper
DELETE FROM emp WHERE deptno = :depts(i);
END;
Closing a Cursor The CLOSE statements disable the cursor, and the result set becomes undefined. An illustration of the CLOSE statement as shown: CLOSE c1;
Adding Table Constraints ALTER TABLE ENROLMENT ADD CONSTRAINT NameNotNull CHECK (Name IS NOT NULL) ; ALTER TABLE ENROLMENT ADD CONSTRAINT PK_StudentId_CourseId PRIM
Error Handling The PL/SQL makes it easy to detect and process the predefined and user-defined error conditions known as exceptions. Whenever an error occurs, an exception is ra
Using ROLLBACK The ROLLBACK statements end the present transaction and undo any change made during the transaction. The Rolling back is helpful for two reasons. Firstly, if yo
Ending Transactions A good quality programming practice is to commit or roll back every transaction explicitly. Whether you rollback or issue the commit in your PL/SQL program
Consider the following set of database tables (same tables from Assignment 6-1). Please take note of foreign keys (most of them carry the same names as the corresponding primary ke
PL SQL Code Review HEADER ELEMENTS File Name Clear, meaningful and descriptive about main objective of the file. Multiple words are joined using underscores which adh
Using the Collection Methods The collection methods below help to generalize the code and make collections easier to use and also make your applications easier to maintain:
Overloading The PL/SQL overloads the subprogram names. That is, you can use similar name for few different subprograms as long as their formal parameters differ in the number
Using EXISTS The EXISTS(n) returns TRUE if the nth element in a collection exist. Or else, EXISTS(n) returns FALSE. Primarily, you use EXISTS with DELETE to maintain the spars
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