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Use inheritance as an implementation technique
when you are going to use inheritance as an implementation technique, you can achieve same goal in a safer way by making one class an attribute or associate of other class. In this way, one object could selectively invoke desired functions of another class, by using delegation rather which applying inheritance.
A safer implementation of Stack will delegate to List class as shown in Figure. Every instance of Stack includes a private instance of List. Stack: push operation delegates to list by calling its last and add operations to add the element at the end of list, and the pop operation has a same implementation using last and remove operations. The ability to corrupt stack by adding or removing arbitrary elements is hidden from client of the Stack class.
Differentiate between horizontal & mixed horizontal fragmentation?
a) Suppose we updated the catalog tables in real time, that is, after every update, insert, or delete SQL statement were executed-rather than only running RUNSTATS once every few
Backward Recovery (UNDO): In this system the uncommitted changes made by a transaction to a database are undone. Instead the system is reset to the last consistent state of databa
The objectives of this assignment are: - to develop skills in the design of database driven applications - to develop skills in applying SQL to implement the relational and
Project Description: I need a point of sale for motels. It needs to run on windows and requires being network able so that we can have more than one computer using it at once.
Give the reasons for allowing concurrency? The reasons for allowing concurrency is if the transactions run serially, a short transaction might have to wait for a preceding long
What is a disjoint less constraint? Ans: It needs that an entity belongs to no much more than one level entity set. Disjoint less constraint needs that an entity belongs to
Single Valued Normalisation Codd in the year 1972 formed three normal forms (1NF, 2NF, and 3NF). These were based on functional dependencies between the attributes of a relati
Define Hash files organization a. Hashing includes computing the address of a data item by calculating a function on the search key value. b. A hash function h is a functi
Construct an ER diagram for a hospital along with a set of patients and a set of medical doctors Associate with every patient a log of the several tests and examinations conducted.
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