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Update Operations and Dealing with Constraint Violations
There are three basic operations to be executes on relations:
The INSERT Operation:
The insert operation permits us to insert a new tuple in a relation. When we try to insert a new record, then any of the following four types of constraints can be violated:
• Entity Integrity constraint: If the primary key attribute value of new tuple t is given as null.
State The position of object at any moment is called state. An object can have many states depend upon time. After receiving some input instructions, the object can change its
Describe Interfaces for the DBA? Interfaces for the DBA - Most database systems holds privileged commands which could be used only through the DBA's staff. These involves com
What are the properties in a relation ? In a relation Ordering of rows is immaterial and No two rows are identical.
Describe entity referential integrity and integrity. Give an example of each. Entity Integrity Rule - If there is a attribute A of relation R is a prime attribute of R then A
What are the properties of transaction? There are three properties of transactions :- A) Atomicity B) Consistency C) Isolation
Explain the θ-join and equijoin Refer tables Car and Boat which list models of cars and boats and their relevant prices. Assume a customer wants to buy a car and a boat, but sh
Why are cursors necessary in embedded SQL? A cursor is an object used to store the output of a query for row-by-row processing through the application programs. SQL statements
What is a PROJECT operation? The project operation is a unary operation that returns its argument relation with particular attributes left out. Projection is shown by pie (π).
Determine the concept of Process Process: A process transforms the data values. It is represented as ellipse containing a description of transformation. Each procedure has a
Create centralized relational database using bottom up method. (a) Recognize a single un-normalized relation for the above scenario. (b) Recognize the primary key for
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