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Unrepeatable reads: Assume T7 reads X twice during its implementation. If it did not update X itself it could be very disturbing to see a dissimilar value of X in its next read. But this could occur if, among the two read operations, another transaction modifies X.
T7
T8
Assumed value of
X=2000
READ X
2000
UPDATE X
3000
Therefore, the inconsistent values are read and results of the transaction may be in fault.
Timestamps For Read operations: If TS (T) If TS (T) >= W-timestamp (Q), then the transaction T is trying to read a value of data item Q which has been written and committed
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The cross-section of twisted pair The cross-section of each and every strand of the twisted pair is π/4 square mm. A 10-km length of this type of material, with two strands per
notes about update opreation
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I have a homework assignment due today by midnight. I need help understanding databasse normalization and determining the type of form violation & how to fix the violation.
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