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Unrepeatable reads: Assume T7 reads X twice during its implementation. If it did not update X itself it could be very disturbing to see a dissimilar value of X in its next read. But this could occur if, among the two read operations, another transaction modifies X.
T7
T8
Assumed value of
X=2000
READ X
2000
UPDATE X
3000
Therefore, the inconsistent values are read and results of the transaction may be in fault.
What is trigger? Triggers are statements that are executed automatically by the system as the side effect of a modification to the database.
Define Physical and Logical independence Ans: Physical data independence: The ability to modify physical level without causing application program to be rewritten. Logic
Your friend owns a computer store in Yuen Long, selling Desktop and Notebook PCs and other computer peripherals. Having been rather successful with his business there, he decided t
Have a look around the site, and at some of the sites they have featured. These are all examples of bad design, and also offer an explanation about why they fall into this category
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Consider the subsequent relations RENTER(rno, fname, lname, address, tel_no, pref_type, max_rent) VIEWING(rno, pno, date, comment) PROPERTY_FOR_RENT( pno, street, area ,city,
What is a query tree? Ans: A query tree, as well known as operator graph, is a tree data structure that corresponds to a relational algebra expression. It denotes the inpu
What is a virtual table that draws its data from the result of an SQL SELECT statement? View is a virtual table that draws its data from the result of an SQL SELECT statement.
In problems 1 - 4, you are given the columns of a table, and a set of functional dependencies. Determine the normal form of this table. Remember that the normal form is the HIGHE
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