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Unrepeatable reads: Assume T7 reads X twice during its implementation. If it did not update X itself it could be very disturbing to see a dissimilar value of X in its next read. But this could occur if, among the two read operations, another transaction modifies X.
T7
T8
Assumed value of
X=2000
READ X
2000
UPDATE X
3000
Therefore, the inconsistent values are read and results of the transaction may be in fault.
Describe the term- State Diagram State Diagram: An object could receive a sequence of the input instructions. The state of the object can differ depending upon sequence of in
CAR SALE (Car_id, Option_type, Option_listprice, Sale_date, Option_discountedprice) This relation refers to options installed in cars (e.g., cruise control) that were sold at a de
Define multivalued dependency and 4NF. Ans: Multivalued Dependency - Assume R be a relation schema and let α ⊆ R and β ⊆ R. The multivalued dependency α →→β holds o
The insertion of a tuple in the aim of reference does not cause any destruction. Though, insertion of a tuple in the relation in which, we has the foreign key, for instance, in ASS
Single-Valued Dependencies A database is a collection of related information and it is therefore inevitable that some items of information in the database would depend on some
State the data flow diagram of functional model Any action initiated by transition in the state diagram can be extended into an entire data flow diagram in functional model. Th
How is Oracle used in PL/SQL? Define the features of process and how they are defined? PL/SQL - PL/SQL is Oracle's procedural language (PL) superset of the Structured
Describe Database state in details? Database state: The actual data within the database at a particular moment in time is known as a database state.
What is hashing file organization? In the hashing file organization, a hash function is computed on some attribute of every record. The result of the hash function specify in
Increases efficiency : Data is stored close to most often used site, therefore retrieval would be faster. Also, data that is not required by local applications is not stored, there
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