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Understanding Nested TablesWithin the database, the nested tables can be considered as one-column database tables. The Oracle stores the rows of a nested table in no specific order. But, when you retrieve the nested table into the PL/SQL variable, the rows are given consecutive subscripts starting at 1. That provides you array-like access to the individual rows.Within PL/SQL, the nested tables are like one-dimensional arrays. Though, nested tables differ from arrays in two significant ways. Firstly, the arrays have a fixed upper bound, but nested tables are unbounded .Therefore, the size of a nested table can increase dynamically.
Figure: Array versus Nested TableSecondly, the arrays should be dense (having consecutive subscripts). Therefore, you cannot delete individual elements from an array. Initially, the nested tables are dense, but they can be sparse (having nonconsecutive subscripts). And hence, you can delete elements from a nested table using the built-in procedure DELETE. That might leave gaps in the index, but the built-in function NEXT iterate over any series of subscripts.
Functions The function is a subprogram which can take parameters and be invoked. Normally, you can use a function to calculate a value. The function has 2 sections: the specifi
Parameter & Keyword Description: function_name: The user-defined function is identifying by that keyword. parameter_name: This identifies the formal parameter that
EXIT Statement You can use the EXIT statement to exit a loop. The EXIT statement has 2 forms: the conditional EXIT WHEN and the unconditional EXIT. With the either form, you
IN Mode An IN parameter pass the values to the subprogram being called. Within the subprogram, an IN parameter acts like a constant. And hence, it cannot be assigned a value.
Error Handling The PL/SQL makes it easy to detect and process the predefined and user-defined error conditions known as exceptions. Whenever an error occurs, an exception is ra
CLOSE Statement The CLOSE statement allows the resources held by a cursor variable or open cursor to be reused. No more rows can be fetched from the cursor variable or closed
Declaring Subprograms You can declare subprograms in any PL/SQL subprogram, block, or package. But, you should declare subprograms at the end of the declarative part after a
What Is a Collection The collection is an ordered group of elements, all of similar type (for e.g. the grades for a class of students). Each element has a unique subscript whic
Overloading: Similar to packaged subprograms, methods of the same type can be overloaded. That is, you can use similar name for various methods if their formal parameters diff
Creating a Table Syantax: CREATE TABLE ENROLMENT (StudentId SID, Name VARCHAR (30) NOT NULL, CourseId CID, PRIMARY KEY (StudentId, CourseId)) ; Explan
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