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Consider a relation s over the attributes A and B with the following characteristics:
(a) Assuming that the aforesaid index on A is unclustered, estimate the number of disk accesses needed to compute the range query σA>1000 ^ A<6000 (s).
(b) What would be the cost if the above index were clustered? Explain your reasoning.
Find a 3NF decomposition of the following relation scheme: University (Faculty, Dean, Department, Chair, Professor, Rank, Student}. The University relation satisfies the following
Although, the essential features of E-R diagrams are enough to design many database situations. Though, with more difficult relations and advanced database applications, it is need
Discuss the count function? The COUNT function used returns the number of tuples or values fixed in a query. The count function comprises two types of syntax: (1) COUNT (*)
What are the General Transformation Rules for Relational operations? Ans: The transformation rules transform one relational algebra expression to AN EQUIVALENT ONE 1. E
Three Level Architecture of DBMS or Logical DBMS Architecture The logical architecture defines how data in the database is perceived by users. It is not deals with how the da
Backward Recovery (UNDO): In this system the uncommitted changes made by a transaction to a database are undone. Instead the system is reset to the last consistent state of databa
Text Processing: Use readLines to read SOU.txt into R. Create a vector called Pres containing the names of the presidents giving each speech. To do this, rst identify the lin
The External or View Level The external or view level is the highest level of abstraction of database. It gives a window on the conceptual view, which permits the user to see
Example : Search the name, department number and salary of employees drawing minimum salary in that department. SELECT ENAME, SAL, DEPTNO FROM EMP WHERE SAL IN (SELECT MI
What are the failures of Controlling Events Between Objects Failure Unintentional termination of system. Several possible causes: failure of system hardware, o
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