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Consider a relation s over the attributes A and B with the following characteristics:
(a) Assuming that the aforesaid index on A is unclustered, estimate the number of disk accesses needed to compute the range query σA>1000 ^ A<6000 (s).
(b) What would be the cost if the above index were clustered? Explain your reasoning.
Describe Physical Data independence ? Physical Data Independence - It is capacity to modify the internal schema without having to change conceptual schema. Therefore, the exter
employee(empid,empname,dept,telno,mobno, add,sssno,tinno,WEdates,WEcomp,WEadd,WEpos,WEres) this is a employee record which is need to be normalize.the WE means work experience
What are audit trails? An audit trail is a log of all alters to the database along with information like which user performed the change and when the alter was performed.
Define Direct file organization? The direct file organization is employed to enhance the performance in accessing the records than sequential file organization. In direct file
Explain cursors in SQL? Cursors in SQL - An object used to store the output of a query for row-through-row processing through the application programs. Cursors are constructs
Lock Based Protocol A lock is nothing but a mechanism that tells the DBMS whether a particular data item is being used by any transaction for read/write purpose. As there are t
What is indexed sequential file organization? What are the applications of this organization? Ans: An index file can be employed to effectively overcome the problem of storing
What is serialization? Where it is used and why? Serialization is a basic term used for mechanisms which enable objects and object structures to be converted into portable for
A relation has: Relational Schema Relation instance Relational Schema: A relational schema shows the relation's name, its attributes and the domain of every a
Ask qu. Write a XML with database with book details (Book ID, Title, Author, subject, published year, language, vendor, and price).estion #Minimum 100 words accepted#
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