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Consider a relation s over the attributes A and B with the following characteristics:
(a) Assuming that the aforesaid index on A is unclustered, estimate the number of disk accesses needed to compute the range query σA>1000 ^ A<6000 (s).
(b) What would be the cost if the above index were clustered? Explain your reasoning.
Although how will the system recover The selection of REDO or UNDO for a transaction for the recovery is completed on the basis of the state of the transactions. This state is
SET concept is used in which type of modelling? SET concept is used in Network Model.
Database Errors: An error is said to have occurred if the implementation of a command to manipulate the database cannot be successfully finished either due to inconsistent data or
Write short notes on relational model The relational model uses a collection of tables to show both data and the relationships between those data. The relational model is an ex
What are the benefits of decomposing a system? The benefits of decomposing a system into subsystems are that after decomposition, each individual component become smaller and e
Defining Internal Classes and Operations When we enlarge algorithms, new classes can be added to the store intermediate results. A complex operation could be looked at, as a c
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Lost Updates : Suppose the two transactions T3 and T4 run simultaneously and they happen to be interleaved in the following way (suppose the initial value of X as 10000):
Advantages And Drawbacks Of Ddbms There are various reasons for building distributed database systems, with sharing of data, reliability and availability, and speedup of query
Prove that a relation which is 4NF must be BCNF. Ans Let R be in 4NF. Suppose it is not in BCNF. Hence, there exists an FD X→Y in R such that x is not a super key. Although
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