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Consider a relation s over the attributes A and B with the following characteristics:
(a) Assuming that the aforesaid index on A is unclustered, estimate the number of disk accesses needed to compute the range query σA>1000 ^ A<6000 (s).
(b) What would be the cost if the above index were clustered? Explain your reasoning.
Define instance and schema? Instance: Collection of data kept in the data base at a particular moment is known as an Instance of the database. Schema: The o
It can be easily defined as: The database must not have any unmatched foreign key values. The term "unmatched foreign key value" means a foreign key value for which there doe
(a) Explain briefly the three parts of a relational Model. (b) Contrast the following terms with an appropriate example: (i) stored attribute v/s derived attribute (ii) en
Explain the Cartesian product: The Cartesian product operation does not need relations to union-compatible. The meaning of this is that the involved relations may have dissim
With the help of an example display how records can be deleted and updated in QBE. (i) Increase Pay_Rate of employees along with the skill of ‘cook' by 10%. (ii) Delete employee
Explain differance between Primary and secondary storage ? Primary and secondary storage Computer storage is classified within primary(main) memory and secondary(per
Explain the relevance of Data Dictionary in a Database System? Data dictionary is a database in its own right residing on the disk that consist of Meta data which is = Data abo
For problems 1-4, give all candidate keys for the tables with FDs specified. Composite candidate keys must be put in parentheses, and candidate keys must be separated with commas
Explain concurrency control? Concurrency control Oracles multiversion concurrency control varies from the concurrency mechanism used by some other data base vendors. Read
Atomicity : Either all functions are laid out or none are. Users could not have to think about the effect of incomplete operations. DBMS ensures this by undoing the functions
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