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Treatment of diarrhea
Loperamide (Imodium, and others), an over-the-counter synthetic opioid (4-mg loading dose, then 2 mg orally after each loose stool to a maximum of 16 mg/d for adults), usually relieves symptoms of travelers' diarrhea in <24 hours. Loperamide is approved for use in children >2 years old.
If diarrhea is severe or associated with fever or bloody stools, self-treatment with a 3-day course of ciprofloxacin 500 mg b.i.d., levofloxacin 500mg once daily, norfloxacin 400 mg b.i.d. or ofloxacin 300 mg b.i.d. is recommended. One- and two-day courses may also be effective. Azithromycin (Zithromax) (1000 mg as a single dose or 500 mg/d x 3d) is an alternative (JA Adachi et al, Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37:1165) and is the drug of choice for travelers to areas with ahigh prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter, such as Thailand. It can also be used in other select groups, including pregnant women, children (10 mg/kg/d x 3d), and patients who do not respond to a fluoroquinolone in 48 hours.
[Rifaximin (Xifaxan), a non-absorbed oral antibiotic indicated for treatment of travelers' diarrhea caused by noninvasive strains of E. coli., was approved by the FDA after publication of this article. The Medical Letter has reviewed rifaximin (Xifaxan). Packets of oral rehydration salts mixed in potable water can help maintain electrolyte balance, particularly in children and the elderly. They are available from suppliers of travel-related products and in some pharmacies in the US, and from pharmacies overseas.
Q. What is the difference between micronutrients and macro? The classification criterion of nutrients into micronutrients and macro has no relation to the size of the molecul
With the help of reaction briefly explain the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway. The oxidative branch of the pathway generates NADPH and pentose-5 phosphate, th
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Hom o sapiens sapiens (MODER N MAN) - Developed from Cro-Magnon about 10,000 years ago after last glacial period in the regions of Caspian and Mediterranean seas.
coxa of paleomon contain specialised organ called
Subphylum Chelicerata. Six pairs of appendages, four pairs being legs, with paired chelicerae (fangs). There are three classes in this phylum.
Shapes: Nightingale Ward In the 1940s, this traditional nursing unit was based on the long rectangle pavilion type ward and self-contained unit. This concept is establis
Phylum coelenterata
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