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PCA is a linear transformation that transforms the data to a new coordinate system such that the greatest variance by any projection of the data comes to lie on the first coordinate (called the first principal component), the second greatest variance on the second coordinate, and so on. The PCA can be used for dimensionality reduction in a dataset while retaining those characteristics of the dataset that contribute most to its variance, by keeping lower-order principal components and ignoring higher-order ones. Such low-order components often contain the "most important" aspects of the data. But this is not necessarily the case, depending on the application. Let p and tn denote respectively the original and reduced number of variables. The original variables are denoted X. In the simplest case our measure of accuracy of reconstruction is the sum ofp squared multiple correlations between X-variables and the predictions of X made froin the factors. In the more general case we can weight each squared multiple correlation by the variance of the corresponding X-variable.
Since we can set those variances ourselves by multiplying scores on each variable,by any constant we choose, this amounts to the ability to assign any weights we choose to the different variables.
#There were three types of food, and the researcher recorded which foods were bought. Peanut Butter Banana Hamburger 15
Statistical Errors Statistical data are obtained either by measurement or by observation. Hence to think of perfect accuracy is only a delusion or a myth, It is no
For calculating the mode of the grouped data graphically, the following procedure is adopted. Draw a histogram of the data; the modal class is the tallest rectangle.
Problem: A survey usually originates when an individual or an institution is confronted with an information need and the existing data are insufficient. Planning the questionn
Consider an MBA program as a processing network where the flow unit consists of a student in the program. Suppose the organizations that hire and promote MBAs are considered to be
DISCUSS THE METHODS OF MEASURING TREND
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Coefficient of Determination The coefficient of determination is given by r 2 i.e., the square of the correlation coefficient. It explains to what extent the variation
a) What is meant by secular trend? Discuss any two methods of isolating trend values in a time series.
types of sampling method
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