Trade liberalisation under wto, Macroeconomics

Assignment Help:

TRADE LIBERALISATION UNDER WTO:

In  the Uruguay Round negotiations, India agreed to reduce tariff on a  large number of  commodities and  remove quantitative restrictions (QRs) on  all, except for about 600 commodities. For industrial products,  India's commitment was to bring down the average tariff rate from 71 per cent in the pre-Uruguay Round period to 32 per cent in the post-Uruguay Round era. While the 1991 reforms removed QRs on most manufactured intermediate and capital goods, there was little change in the import policy for textiles and clothing. The imports of  these products remained practically  banned. Thesituation began  to change substantially  in December  1994 when  in separatetreaties with the EU and  the USA, India agreed to a comprehensive  liberalisationof  import policies for textiles. This liberalisation in  imports of textiles wasagreed  to  in part  as quid pro quo  for the ATC  (Agreement on Textiles and Clothing) to phase out the MFA quotas, and in part in exchange  for increasedMFA quotas in the US and EU markets. The reform process started in  1995with the removal of QRs on imports of wool tops, synthetic fibers, textile yarnand  some selected industrial fabrics. It was also agreed that these productswould be free from import licensing altogether at specified future  dates (1 998,2000 or 2002), and tariff rates would be reduced to levels between 20 and 40percent by 2000.  

Turning now to other international agreements, India had used the balance of payments provision given in GATT (Article VIII (B))  to  justify her routine use of QRs. Soon after the Uruguay Round agreements became effective India's unconstrained use of the balance of payments provision was challenged  by the US, EU and other developed countries. It became difficult for India  to justify QRs on grounds of balance of payments since there was  a  strong current account, substantial capital  inflow and  large foreign  exchange reserves. -In 1999-00,2134 items  were  subject to QRs, of which 1589 items had QRs on imports, being maintained under  the balance of payments provision. 


Related Discussions:- Trade liberalisation under wto

Economics of scale exist, This economics of scale exist for all of the foll...

This economics of scale exist for all of the following reasons except: a. bureaucratic inefficiencies b. management problems c. failures in information flows d. firm size is to

A history of canadian economy, i have an assignment i need it to be done by...

i have an assignment i need it to be done by thursday march the 10th before midnight

Investment multiplier, what is the formula for calculating investment multi...

what is the formula for calculating investment multiplier for 4 sector economy?

Islm curve, why lm curve upward sloping and is curve downward sloping?

why lm curve upward sloping and is curve downward sloping?

Money and Banking, What is the relationship between deposit multipier,Credi...

What is the relationship between deposit multipier,Credit Multiplier and Deposit multiplier?

Explain money market with inflation, Q. Explain money market with inflation...

Q. Explain money market with inflation? The money market with inflation  Let's begin with the money market diagram and introduce inflation. As M D relies positively on P

Unemployment classification, Unemployment classification Economists som...

Unemployment classification Economists sometimes differentiate between different types of unemployment. There are many type of ways of classifying unemployment however the foll

Compute the equilibrium level as-ad model, 1 . Use the AS/AD model to a...

1 . Use the AS/AD model to a . Demonstrate graphically and explain verbally the situation the US economy is currently in. b. In the diagram you drew for part (a) above, sh

National income, # ???? .. difference between gdp at market price and nnp...

# ???? .. difference between gdp at market price and nnp at factor cost

Calculating a country''s balance of payments, Which of the following is con...

Which of the following is considered when calculating a country's balance of payments? Military expenditures state unemployment domestic inflation rates foreign inflation rates.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd