Tin and lead, Chemistry

Assignment Help:

 

GROUP 14: TIN AND LEAD

Tin and lead give some resemblance to the lighter elements in group 14, especially Ge. Although they are uniquely more metallic in their physical and chemical characteristics, simple cationic chemistry is the exception rather than the rule. As with group 13, two oxidation states MIV and MII are found, the MII form giving more stable for lead.

Both substances have rather low abundance, but are commoner than other heavy metals. They occur in the minerals galena PbS and cassiterite SnO2. They each have various stable isotopes, Sn more than any other element (10). Some Pb isotopes are discovered from the radioactive decay of uranium and thorium. The isotopic composition of Pb (and thus its atomic mass) differs detectably according to the source, and such variations have been used to estimate the age the Earth of and of rocks.

The elements are readily made by reduction of their ores and are soft, low-melting, somewhat unreactive metals. Tin is required for plating, and both elements in low-melting alloys and as many elements. Applications of lead are declining as its substances are very toxic. A continuing major need is in leadacid batteries, which depend on two reactions involving the PbII, Pb0 and PbIV states:

 

988_Untitled.png

Occurring at different electrodes, these show a cell potential of 2 V, greater than can be obtained easily from any other pair of electrode reactions in aqueous solution


Related Discussions:- Tin and lead

Extraction of aluminium, Q. Extraction of Aluminium? Aluminium cannot b...

Q. Extraction of Aluminium? Aluminium cannot be extirpated economically from the silicate minerals. Therefore bauxite is the most important ore for the extraction of alumimum,

Monosaccharides - biomolecules, Monosaccharides - Biomolecules These ar...

Monosaccharides - Biomolecules These are very simple one unit non-hydrolysable sugars. They have the common formula C n H 2n O n where n changes from 3 to 9 carbon molecules.

Determine following sub levels, Krypton ( 36 Kr)   has the electronic con...

Krypton ( 36 Kr)   has the electronic configuration (18 Ar) 4s 2 , 3d 10 , 4p 6    . The 37  electron will go into which one of the following sub-levels: (1) 4f

Determine mass of an electron, Q. Determine mass of an electron? Ans. ...

Q. Determine mass of an electron? Ans. Three years later after J.J Thomson discovered the electron, the American scientist Robert Millikan used an oil drop experiment to accu

What happens if lattice energy increases, a) The Strength of ionic bond ...

a) The Strength of ionic bond b)  Stability of the Ionic compound c)  Ease of formation of the Ionic bond enhances

Antipyretic - chemistry in action, Antipyretic: Antipyretic is a drug ...

Antipyretic: Antipyretic is a drug that is accountable for lowering the temperature of feverish object. The central nervous system, specifically the hypothalamus, takes an sig

Show the solubility of double salts, Q. Show the solubility of double salts...

Q. Show the solubility of double salts? The solubility of double salts of lanthanides such as 2Ln (N0 3 ).3Mg (N0 3 ) 2 .24H 2 0 and Ln2 (S0 4 ) 3 . Na 2 S0 4 .xH 2 0 increase

S block elements, why lithium and beryllium markedly differ from other memb...

why lithium and beryllium markedly differ from other members of their respective groups?

Xylene, How to synthesize xylene? How many methods(ways) to synthesize xyle...

How to synthesize xylene? How many methods(ways) to synthesize xylene?

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd