Tin and lead, Chemistry

Assignment Help:

 

GROUP 14: TIN AND LEAD

Tin and lead give some resemblance to the lighter elements in group 14, especially Ge. Although they are uniquely more metallic in their physical and chemical characteristics, simple cationic chemistry is the exception rather than the rule. As with group 13, two oxidation states MIV and MII are found, the MII form giving more stable for lead.

Both substances have rather low abundance, but are commoner than other heavy metals. They occur in the minerals galena PbS and cassiterite SnO2. They each have various stable isotopes, Sn more than any other element (10). Some Pb isotopes are discovered from the radioactive decay of uranium and thorium. The isotopic composition of Pb (and thus its atomic mass) differs detectably according to the source, and such variations have been used to estimate the age the Earth of and of rocks.

The elements are readily made by reduction of their ores and are soft, low-melting, somewhat unreactive metals. Tin is required for plating, and both elements in low-melting alloys and as many elements. Applications of lead are declining as its substances are very toxic. A continuing major need is in leadacid batteries, which depend on two reactions involving the PbII, Pb0 and PbIV states:

 

988_Untitled.png

Occurring at different electrodes, these show a cell potential of 2 V, greater than can be obtained easily from any other pair of electrode reactions in aqueous solution


Related Discussions:- Tin and lead

Uses of sucrose, Uses of Sucrose, Cane-sugar (1) Sucrose is used as a s...

Uses of Sucrose, Cane-sugar (1) Sucrose is used as a sweetening substance for several jams, syrups sweets, food preparations etc. (2) Sucrose is used in the making of sucros

What are the properties of liquids?, Q. What are the properties of liquids?...

Q. What are the properties of liquids? Ans. Evaporation of Liquids When we place a liquid in an open container, it slowly disappears. If we heat a liquid it disappear

What is the major diffrence btw cast cast iron and pig iron?, Pig iron is c...

Pig iron is cast iron with a very high carbon content: 4% by weight or more. Cast iron has at least 2% carbon by weight. Less than that, and it''s steel. Cast iron and pig iron are

Why covalent compounds are insoluble in water, Why was covalent compounds a...

Why was covalent compounds are insoluble in water and ionic compounds soluble in water? Ans) When ionic bonds form, one atom becomes positively charged, while the other becomes ne

Factor Labeling, How do you do factor labeling problems in Chemistry?

How do you do factor labeling problems in Chemistry?

Define the elements of a galvanic cell, Define the Elements of a galvanic c...

Define the Elements of a galvanic cell? We will treat a galvanic cell as a system. The cell has two metal wires called terminals that pass through the system boundary. Within t

Thermogravimatic analysis, what is thermogavimatic analysis and their instu...

what is thermogavimatic analysis and their instumental

Steam distillation - purification of organic compounds, Steam Distillation ...

Steam Distillation - Purification of Organic Compounds This technique is applicable for the separation and purification of those organic compounds that are solids or liquids wh

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd