Tin and lead, Chemistry

Assignment Help:

 

GROUP 14: TIN AND LEAD

Tin and lead give some resemblance to the lighter elements in group 14, especially Ge. Although they are uniquely more metallic in their physical and chemical characteristics, simple cationic chemistry is the exception rather than the rule. As with group 13, two oxidation states MIV and MII are found, the MII form giving more stable for lead.

Both substances have rather low abundance, but are commoner than other heavy metals. They occur in the minerals galena PbS and cassiterite SnO2. They each have various stable isotopes, Sn more than any other element (10). Some Pb isotopes are discovered from the radioactive decay of uranium and thorium. The isotopic composition of Pb (and thus its atomic mass) differs detectably according to the source, and such variations have been used to estimate the age the Earth of and of rocks.

The elements are readily made by reduction of their ores and are soft, low-melting, somewhat unreactive metals. Tin is required for plating, and both elements in low-melting alloys and as many elements. Applications of lead are declining as its substances are very toxic. A continuing major need is in leadacid batteries, which depend on two reactions involving the PbII, Pb0 and PbIV states:

 

988_Untitled.png

Occurring at different electrodes, these show a cell potential of 2 V, greater than can be obtained easily from any other pair of electrode reactions in aqueous solution


Related Discussions:- Tin and lead

Noble gas, please help me to do assignment about noble gas.

please help me to do assignment about noble gas.

Determine the fat content in the given sample of milk, Q. Determine the fat...

Q. Determine the fat content in the given sample of milk? After undertaking this activity, you will be able to: • explain the technique of determination of the total fat c

Significant figures of the number of digits, Q. Significant figures of the ...

Q. Significant figures of the number of digits? Significant figures of the number of digits reported in a measurement signify how precise the measurement is. The further di

Reverse hyperconjugation, Reverse Hyperconjugation : The method of hyper...

Reverse Hyperconjugation : The method of hyperconjugation is as well observed in the system given below, In such type of system the effect operates in the opposite direc

Chapter two, has gold a chemical proporties show/

has gold a chemical proporties show/

Solution, How we get 49 gm = 1 eqv

How we get 49 gm = 1 eqv

Organic, A crucial step in the Robinson annelation is the elimation of an a...

A crucial step in the Robinson annelation is the elimation of an aldol adduct to form an enone. The elimination of an aldol product can occur in base (it occurs even more readily i

Substances like platinum and palladium, Normal 0 false false ...

Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

Lubricants, What r the requirements for a good refractory material

What r the requirements for a good refractory material

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd