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Three Level Architecture of DBMS or Logical DBMS Architecture
The logical architecture defines how data in the database is perceived by users. It is not deals with how the data is handled and processed by the DBMS, but only with how it looks. The process of data storage on the underlying file system is not revealed, and the users can influence the data without worrying about where it is located or how it is really stored. This results in the database having dissimilar levels of abstraction.
The majority of commercial Database Management Systems available today are based on the SPARC / ANSI generalised DBMS architecture, as proposed by the SPARC / ANSI Study Group on Data Base Management Systems. Therefore, this is also called as the SPARC / ANSI model. It separates the system into three levels of abstraction: the physical or internal level, the conceptual level, and the view or external level.
Lack of standards and experience: The lack of standards has considerably limited the potential of distributed DBMSs. As well, there are no tools or methodologies to help users cha
What is an E-R model? Draw an E-R Diagram for the company database with following Descriptions? The company is organized within departments. Each department has a unique name a
These permit the user to unload a database or parts of a database and reload the data on the similar machine, or on another machine in a dissimilar location. This can be useful in
Briefly describe concurrency execution? Lock - based protocols Locks There are several modes in which a data item may be locked in this section we restrict our attention
What is Functional Dependency? A Functional dependency is shown by X Y among two sets of attributes X and Y that are subsets of R specifies a constraint on the possible tuple
One-way Associations If an association is only traversed in single direction, then it is known as one-way association. It is implemented as a pointer or an attribute which con
Isolation or Independence : The isolation property shows that the updates of a transaction should not be visible till they are committed. Isolation assurance that the progresses of
Distributed Control and Data sharing: The geographical distribution of an organization can be showed in the distribution of the data; if a number of different sites are linked to e
The advantages of a database management system (DBMS) include :- Data integrity and elimination of duplication.
What is known as a search key? An attribute or set of attributes used to look up records in a file is known as a search key.
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