Test hypothesis that vertebrates evolved from echinoderms, Biology

Assignment Help:

Q. Evolutionarily protochordates may be intermediate animals between invertebrates and vertebrates. Imagine a scientist is testing the hypothesis that vertebrates evolved from echinoderms. Having as research object a newly found protochordate species, what is an example of a discovery that would weaken the hypothesis? What is an example of a discovery that would strengthen it?

Hypothesis to be tested: Vertebrates evolved from echinoderms, testing material: A newly found protochordate species (that is a vertebrate forerunner).

Example of weakening observation (that puts the new protochordate species evolutionarily far from echinoderms): "The new species is protostome", as opposed to echinoderms, that are deuterostomes. This observation brings the suspicion that deuterostomy in vertebrates is independent in origin from echinoderms.

Example of strengthening observation (that nears the new protochordate species to echinoderms) "The new species has secondary radial symmetry", similar to echinoderms. This observation makes stronger the hypothesis that vertebrates and echinoderms are relatives this item shows how science works, beginning with the placement of hypothesis and further observational testing.


Related Discussions:- Test hypothesis that vertebrates evolved from echinoderms

Different types of ecosystem, An ecosystem is a self sufficient interacting...

An ecosystem is a self sufficient interacting system in the biosphere. Eg. forest, desert, pond etc. almost, all the ecosystem have more or less similar fundamental plan for their

How implant design and surface affect osseointegration, Q. How Implant desi...

Q. How Implant design and surface affect osseointegration? Implant design Most conductive design for osseointegration is root form. They can be threaded, hydroxyapatite co

What is the Evolution of migration, Evolution of migration Eg Be...

Evolution of migration Eg Benefits associated with migratory flights must be greater than those associated with staying in Alaska and having to tolerate seasonal changes

Chemicals of life, give two examples of chemical reactions which are cataly...

give two examples of chemical reactions which are catalysed by enzymes in the course of brewing

Adult circulation and the human fetal circulation, Q. Concerning the mixtur...

Q. Concerning the mixture of arterial with venous blood what is the difference between the adult circulation and the human fetal circulation? In the human fetal circulation the

What are the hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla, What are the hormone...

What are the hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla? What are their respective functions? The medullary portion of the adrenals secretes hormones of the catecholamine group:

A decrease in parasympathetic discharge to the heart, A decrease in parasym...

A decrease in parasympathetic discharge to the heart leads to A. a decrease in the conductance of F-channels in SA node cells. B. an increase in the conductance of potassium

Monoclonal antibody, Monoclonal Antibody is an antibody with quite specifi...

Monoclonal Antibody is an antibody with quite specific and often unique binding specificity which is secreted by the biologically cloned line of plasmacytoma cells in the absence

Class of crustacea - cirripedia, Class of Crustacea - Cirripedia These...

Class of Crustacea - Cirripedia These crustaceans are completely marine, and include the barnacles. Moa species are free living, attached to rock, and other objects. Some are

Which statement is true of the energy levels, Which statement is true of th...

Which statement is true of the energy levels of electrons in shells? A) All the electrons in an atom have similar amounts of energy. B) Electrons must lose energy to move from the

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd