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The original DNA sequence when ,transcribed and translated would yield five successive valine residues. But the altered sequence would correspondingly read one aspartate and four serine residues. Mutations resulting from the addition or deletion of base pairs are called frameshift mutations. So far we have discussed the several ways in which the genetic material could be altered. Mutations could be either spontaneous or induced. In recent years there has been a more clear understanding of the causes of mutational process. Tautomeric shifts, ultraviolet radiations, chemicals such as hydroxylarnine, nitrous acid and a variety of alkylating agents can cause permanent alterations of nitrogenous bases. Aromatic compounds such as acridines can cause addition or deletion of one to more than twenty bases in DNA. We have briefly discussed mutations, a way or source of variability in natural populations. Together with recombinations occurring'at the tjnie of meiosis they form the raw materials for selection to act on. Before we discuss briefly about recombination, let us have a quick look at mutation rates in organisms.
Which are the molecules that make possible active transport through membranes? Ans) Active transport is made by particular membrane proteins. These proteins are known as "pumps"
Problem of Potency of Blastema Cells The local cells are accountable for regeneration. Now you could ask which of the blastema cells differentiated into which type of limb ti
Q Are viruses cellular beings? Viruses are considered living beings but they don't have cellular structure. There are few controversies regarding their classification as liv
What is meant by encystment
Define effect of Antioxidants on athletes? Antioxidants like ascorbic acid (vitamin C), tocopherols (vitamin E), selenium, glutathione (GSH) Supplementation (singly or in combi
Q. What are the three major types of RNA? What is meant by heterogeneous RNA? Messenger RNA, or mRNA, transfer RNA, or tRNA, and ribosomal RNA, or rRNA, are the three main type
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What is the structure through which the neural impulse is transmitted from one cell to another? What are its parts? The structure by which the neural impulse passes from one c
What is the function of the antidiuretic hormone? Where is it made and which are the stimuli that enhance or decrease its secretion? The antidiuretic hormone is secreted by the
What are some of the things scientists may do to analyze data? They may use statistics to determine relation- ships among variables, compare the data with those obtained in ot
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