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The original DNA sequence when ,transcribed and translated would yield five successive valine residues. But the altered sequence would correspondingly read one aspartate and four serine residues. Mutations resulting from the addition or deletion of base pairs are called frameshift mutations. So far we have discussed the several ways in which the genetic material could be altered. Mutations could be either spontaneous or induced. In recent years there has been a more clear understanding of the causes of mutational process. Tautomeric shifts, ultraviolet radiations, chemicals such as hydroxylarnine, nitrous acid and a variety of alkylating agents can cause permanent alterations of nitrogenous bases. Aromatic compounds such as acridines can cause addition or deletion of one to more than twenty bases in DNA. We have briefly discussed mutations, a way or source of variability in natural populations. Together with recombinations occurring'at the tjnie of meiosis they form the raw materials for selection to act on. Before we discuss briefly about recombination, let us have a quick look at mutation rates in organisms.
Sinus Perforations The maxillary antrum can sometimes be inadvertently penetrated. Through careful pre-operative planning using radiographs, including axial scans, this compli
Hazard Analysis Two steps recognized as preliminary and detailed analysis of hazard are taken. Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) serves two aims: (i) It can expedite bringi
B l u e t on g u e Bluetongue (BT) is a non-contagious and arboviral disease of both domestic and wild ruminants. The disease is enzootic in areas where reservoirs (cat
Is it more indicated for a geneticist desiring to map the X chromosome of the mother of a given family (the researcher does not have access to her DNA, only access to the genetic m
Why do substances react with each other? Chemical reactions occur due to the products of the reaction have less energy than the reactants (drive toward less energy). These reac
Define Behaviour and Life Style Modifications for Weight Reduction Plan? Behaviour and life style modifications are an integral part of the weight reduction plan. They are base
Apomixis The formation of sporophyte from the gametophyte without sexual process signifies apomixis. It relates to the replacement of alternation of a reduced gametophyte and
Explain the Concept of Menu Planning? You have learnt from the previous units that our body's many functions, be it physical activity, mental exercise, growth (in the case of c
long ans about types of ovules
Define Miscibility in binary liquid systems? When two different pure liquids are unable to mix in all proportions, they are said to be partially miscible. When these liquids ar
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