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The original DNA sequence when ,transcribed and translated would yield five successive valine residues. But the altered sequence would correspondingly read one aspartate and four serine residues. Mutations resulting from the addition or deletion of base pairs are called frameshift mutations. So far we have discussed the several ways in which the genetic material could be altered. Mutations could be either spontaneous or induced. In recent years there has been a more clear understanding of the causes of mutational process. Tautomeric shifts, ultraviolet radiations, chemicals such as hydroxylarnine, nitrous acid and a variety of alkylating agents can cause permanent alterations of nitrogenous bases. Aromatic compounds such as acridines can cause addition or deletion of one to more than twenty bases in DNA. We have briefly discussed mutations, a way or source of variability in natural populations. Together with recombinations occurring'at the tjnie of meiosis they form the raw materials for selection to act on. Before we discuss briefly about recombination, let us have a quick look at mutation rates in organisms.
why would it be difficult to determine accurate values for the four variables in the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model (a, rprey, m, b) for animals in the real world?
What are protein hydrolysates? Proteins that have been treated with enzymes to break them down into amino acids or shorter peptides are referred to as protein hydrolysates.
Methods to Overcome Incompatibility It has been possible to facilitate the germination of incompatible pollen by extracting pollen wall proteins from compatible pollen and su
Do sea urchins have teeth? Sea urchins have a teeth-like structure juxtaposed to the mouth and made of five teeth linked to ossicles and muscle fibers. This structure, called a
Enumerate the important surgical anatomical structures in maxilla and the structures present in the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus. The important surgical anatomic struc
Goat pox Goat-pox is common in occurrence, and its nature is similar to sheep pox. The incubation period varies from 5 to 10 days. The disease tends to attack male kids and ewe
Metabolic Significance of HMP Pathway Having gone through the HMP pathway, you would have got some idea about the significance of this alternative oxidative pathway for t
What is the difference between heterozygosity and homozygosity? The Homozygosity occurs when an individual has two identical alleles of a gene, for instance, AA or aa. The Het
Characteristic of Callus The most important characteristic of callus from a functional view point is that abnormal growth has the potential to develop normal roots, shoots and
Explain Therapeutic diets Therapeutic diets are adaptations of the normal or regular diet. In other words, it is a diet for a patient suffering from a specific disease su
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