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The original DNA sequence when ,transcribed and translated would yield five successive valine residues. But the altered sequence would correspondingly read one aspartate and four serine residues. Mutations resulting from the addition or deletion of base pairs are called frameshift mutations. So far we have discussed the several ways in which the genetic material could be altered. Mutations could be either spontaneous or induced. In recent years there has been a more clear understanding of the causes of mutational process. Tautomeric shifts, ultraviolet radiations, chemicals such as hydroxylarnine, nitrous acid and a variety of alkylating agents can cause permanent alterations of nitrogenous bases. Aromatic compounds such as acridines can cause addition or deletion of one to more than twenty bases in DNA. We have briefly discussed mutations, a way or source of variability in natural populations. Together with recombinations occurring'at the tjnie of meiosis they form the raw materials for selection to act on. Before we discuss briefly about recombination, let us have a quick look at mutation rates in organisms.
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Explain Fossn Ovalis Defect (Ostium Secundum Defect) ? This is the most common type of atrial septal defect. The usual approach is through a midline incision and median sterno
From the zygote, pluricellular organisms are produced by serial mitosis. Would this formation be possible if every cell made by mitosis had an identical life in relation to its ant
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What gases will be taken in and given out by a green plant (a) in darkness, (b) in bright sunlight? a) In low light intensities a green plant will be taking in oxygen and
One characteristic of the DNA molecule is its replication capability. What are the consequences of failures during DNA replication? Ideally a DNA molecule should replicate in a
Q. How are the three major arthropod classes characterized according to the body division? In arachnids and crustaceans the head is fused with the thorax forming the cephalotho
How can the concept of recombination frequency be used in genetic mapping? Genetic mapping is the determination of the location of the genes in a chromosome. By determining
In arthropods why isn't gas exchange done through cutaneous diffusion? In arthropods the impermeability of the exoskeleton makes the passage of gases complex. In addition the n
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