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The original DNA sequence when ,transcribed and translated would yield five successive valine residues. But the altered sequence would correspondingly read one aspartate and four serine residues. Mutations resulting from the addition or deletion of base pairs are called frameshift mutations. So far we have discussed the several ways in which the genetic material could be altered. Mutations could be either spontaneous or induced. In recent years there has been a more clear understanding of the causes of mutational process. Tautomeric shifts, ultraviolet radiations, chemicals such as hydroxylarnine, nitrous acid and a variety of alkylating agents can cause permanent alterations of nitrogenous bases. Aromatic compounds such as acridines can cause addition or deletion of one to more than twenty bases in DNA. We have briefly discussed mutations, a way or source of variability in natural populations. Together with recombinations occurring'at the tjnie of meiosis they form the raw materials for selection to act on. Before we discuss briefly about recombination, let us have a quick look at mutation rates in organisms.
Q. Why is carbon monoxide toxic for humans? Hemoglobin "likes" carbon monoxide (CO) much more than it likes oxygen. When there is carbon monoxide in the inhaled air it binds to
How Pathologic Conditions causing the underweight? Illness can affect weight status in a number of ways. For example, fevers and infections increase the demand for energy, whic
Myelinated fibre Axon is a relatively long process (also quite often referred to as nerve fibre) and can be considered as functionally specialised for conduction of excitation
Q. What are taenias? What are the diseases caused by them? The Taenias, as well know as tapeworms, are platyhelminth animals (flatworms). The major diseases caused by taenias a
Q. Why isn't the cooking of vitamin C-containing foods appropriate for vitamin C supply? To obtain vitamin C, for instance, from an orange dessert, the vitamin- containing food
Asexual
Q. What is the cell division process directly related to the embryonic growth? The embryonic growth depends directly on mitosis Through this kind of cell division the zygote di
Auxins The history of discovery of auxin is a fascinating chapter in plant physiology. The hormone auxin was discovered first, through some elegant experiments by Charles Darw
PURPOSES OF DRESSING A dressing can have a number of purposes, depending on the type, severity and position of the wound, although all purposes are focused towards promoting re
Describe about the extra-ocular muscles The extra-ocular muscles are mainly involved in the maintenance of postural tonicity and performance of quick contractions. The prima
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