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The original DNA sequence when ,transcribed and translated would yield five successive valine residues. But the altered sequence would correspondingly read one aspartate and four serine residues. Mutations resulting from the addition or deletion of base pairs are called frameshift mutations. So far we have discussed the several ways in which the genetic material could be altered. Mutations could be either spontaneous or induced. In recent years there has been a more clear understanding of the causes of mutational process. Tautomeric shifts, ultraviolet radiations, chemicals such as hydroxylarnine, nitrous acid and a variety of alkylating agents can cause permanent alterations of nitrogenous bases. Aromatic compounds such as acridines can cause addition or deletion of one to more than twenty bases in DNA. We have briefly discussed mutations, a way or source of variability in natural populations. Together with recombinations occurring'at the tjnie of meiosis they form the raw materials for selection to act on. Before we discuss briefly about recombination, let us have a quick look at mutation rates in organisms.
why obelia shows an intermediate grade of organisation
Primary and secondary solid fuels are widely used in domestic and industrial purpose. Wood and coal constitute the important primary solid fuels. The important secondary solid fuel
Q. What is the embryonic characteristic that evolutionarily makes echinoderms proximal to chordates? Chordates and Echinoderms are deuterostomes that is in their embryonic deve
Animal tissue
what is entero coelom
What are the physical properties of Tear Film? Physical Properties of Tear Film: The tear film is a three-layered structure as given below: 1) Outermost Layer: Lipid Layer
Qualitative Changes The qualitative changes in the structure of proteins in response to stress can lead to the following: Resistance against denaturation of prote
Q. Where in eukaryotic cells does mRNA synthesis take place? To where do these molecules migrate? Messenger RNA molecules are synthesized within the nucleus, pass through gain
Endocrine Organs Endocrine organs, as explained earlier are those organs or tissues, which release chemical substances directly into blood stream. Not like exocrine glands th
Leghaemoglobin - Factors Influencing Functions of Nitrogenase Leghaemoglobin is a joint product of Rhizobium and the host. It is produced during the maturation of nodule. It i
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