Swap market, Financial Management

Assignment Help:

Swap Market:

The fall of Bretton Wood system in early 1970s weakened of the pound. It was imperative to stop the downward slide of the pound. In order to control the flow of foreign exchange during 1970s the British Government imposed various types of restrictions. The British firms were not allowed to undertake large-scale investments or big projects outside the country without paying heavy prices. These restrictions eroded the competitiveness of the British firms in the overseas market. Therefore, these firms engineered a methodology by which they could raise funds and make overseas investments. These firms started taking loans in home currency and exchanged them with their counterparts abroad. For example, a firm willing to make investments in America would take loans in British pounds in UK and exchange it with a company in US which has taken a loan in US dollars. Thus genesis of the Swaps market emerged from these transactions.

The emergence of the swap market in the earlier period was not free from obstacles. The problem was of mounting paper work and accounting. The loans undertaken by the firms were two separate transactions, which caused inflationary figures in the balance sheet. The banks in evaluating such companies could not rate them higher because of the data reflected in the balance sheet. But introduction of the Currency swap, the first formal swap instrument, alleviated the problem. Thereafter the underlying principal was treated as an off-balance sheet item.

The swap market thus came into existence in the late seventies as the currency traders employed the technique of swaps to evade the British controls on the movement of foreign currency. The swap on currency was earlier in the form of back-to-back parallel loans. Parallel loans/back-to-back loans are currency agreements whereby a UK holding company will lend pounds to the US subsidiary in the UK and the US firm will lend dollars to the UK subsidiary in the US to avoid exchange control. But these transactions during the earlier period were not only expensive but also time consuming, because no structured environment/ market existed.

 


Related Discussions:- Swap market

Bonds Valuation, Six years ago . the singleton company sold a 20 year bond ...

Six years ago . the singleton company sold a 20 year bond with a 14% annual coupon rate and a 9% call premium. today, singleton called the bonds. the bonds originally were sold at

Determine the limitations of the traditional approach, Determine the Limita...

Determine the Limitations of the traditional approach Limitations of the traditional approach were not entirely based on treatment or emphasis of different aspects. In other wo

Review a health care oranization and its fin. operat, i need help writing a...

i need help writing a paper on a healthcare organization and reviewing its financial operations based on data available from 6 sources

Explain about modern approach of financial management, Q. Explain about Mod...

Q. Explain about Modern Approach of financial management? The modern approach considers the term financial management in a broad sense. According to this approach the finance f

Cost of debt, Cost of Debt (k ) : This describes the rate of interest paya...

Cost of Debt (k ) : This describes the rate of interest payable on debt.  The cost of debt funds may be calculated when the debt is redeemable or irredeemable. therefore, when deb

Objective of the business, Q. Objective of the business? Working capita...

Q. Objective of the business? Working capital is needed for the following purposes For the purpose of the raw material, components and spares To pay the Wages and the sal

Explain the reconstruction and effect on share price, Reconstruction and ef...

Reconstruction and effect on share price A listed company facing reconstruction (divestment, demerger, MBO etc) will have informed the stock market in advance and the share pri

Define some of government need imposed on public corporation, What are some...

What are some of the government needs imposed on a public corporation that are not imposed on a private, closely held corporation? Public corporations should submit audited finan

Define floating rate notes, Define Floating Rate Notes Floating-rate n...

Define Floating Rate Notes Floating-rate notes (FRNs) are commonly medium-term bonds along with their coupon payments indexed to some reference rate.  Common reference rates a

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd