Swap market, Financial Management

Assignment Help:

Swap Market:

The fall of Bretton Wood system in early 1970s weakened of the pound. It was imperative to stop the downward slide of the pound. In order to control the flow of foreign exchange during 1970s the British Government imposed various types of restrictions. The British firms were not allowed to undertake large-scale investments or big projects outside the country without paying heavy prices. These restrictions eroded the competitiveness of the British firms in the overseas market. Therefore, these firms engineered a methodology by which they could raise funds and make overseas investments. These firms started taking loans in home currency and exchanged them with their counterparts abroad. For example, a firm willing to make investments in America would take loans in British pounds in UK and exchange it with a company in US which has taken a loan in US dollars. Thus genesis of the Swaps market emerged from these transactions.

The emergence of the swap market in the earlier period was not free from obstacles. The problem was of mounting paper work and accounting. The loans undertaken by the firms were two separate transactions, which caused inflationary figures in the balance sheet. The banks in evaluating such companies could not rate them higher because of the data reflected in the balance sheet. But introduction of the Currency swap, the first formal swap instrument, alleviated the problem. Thereafter the underlying principal was treated as an off-balance sheet item.

The swap market thus came into existence in the late seventies as the currency traders employed the technique of swaps to evade the British controls on the movement of foreign currency. The swap on currency was earlier in the form of back-to-back parallel loans. Parallel loans/back-to-back loans are currency agreements whereby a UK holding company will lend pounds to the US subsidiary in the UK and the US firm will lend dollars to the UK subsidiary in the US to avoid exchange control. But these transactions during the earlier period were not only expensive but also time consuming, because no structured environment/ market existed.

 


Related Discussions:- Swap market

Revenue bonds, Revenue bonds are the securities issued for financing ...

Revenue bonds are the securities issued for financing an entity for general      public-purpose. The securities issued for entity financing are backed up with the

What is commercial papers, Q. What is Commercial Papers? Commercial Pap...

Q. What is Commercial Papers? Commercial Papers: Commercial papers (CPs) are short-term, unsecured securities issued by highly creditworthy large companies. They are issued wit

Active portfolio strategy, Active Portfolio Strategy: An active portfo...

Active Portfolio Strategy: An active portfolio strategy is tracked by most aggressive investors and investment professionals who strive to make superior returns, after adjustm

Fund managers or the asset management company, Fund Managers or the Asset M...

Fund Managers or the Asset Management Company (amc) The role of fund managers is highly significant in the mutual fund operations. So far, this role is being played by the Mutu

Issuer’s considerations, Issuer's Considerations Cash Flows: Issuers ma...

Issuer's Considerations Cash Flows: Issuers may consider the period for which the funds are required and try to spread the borrowings in a way to minimize the costs. Generally,

When are the financial crises occurred, When are the financial crises occur...

When are the financial crises occurred? Financial crises arise where there is a large raise in asymmetric information into financial markets. Asymmetric information arises whil

What is dependent care expenses, Q. What is Dependent Care Expenses? De...

Q. What is Dependent Care Expenses? Dependent Care Expenses - Qualified child care expenses would allow a taxpayer this computed credit against tax. Amounts can be found on the

Equilibrium of an exchange economy, The economy consists of two consumers, ...

The economy consists of two consumers, A and B. Both consumers are endowed with one unit of good 1 and one unit of good 2. Consumer A is entirely indi?erent between all consumption

Financial system, Financial System: The economic development of a natio...

Financial System: The economic development of a nation is reflected by the progress of the various economic units, broadly classified into corporate sector, government and hous

Function of stock market, Functions of a Stock Exchange The stock excha...

Functions of a Stock Exchange The stock exchange is a market place where investors trade in securities. It is a competitive market involving large numbers of buyers and sellers

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd