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A super key is an attribute or set of attributes used to recognize the records uniquely in a relation.
For instance, in the Relation PERSON defines earlier PERSON_ID is a super key since PERSON_ID is unique for every person. Likewise (PERSON_ID, AGE) and (PERSON_ID, NAME) are also super keys of the relation PERSON as their combination is also unique for each record.
In a relation, tuples are not inserted in any definite order. Ordering of tuples is not defined as a part of a relation definition. Though, records may be structured later accordin
Instructions: Follow the instructions below for completing this project: 1. Creating the Database: · Use the physical table descriptions given below to define and create each t
Improved Reliability: In a centralised DBMS, a server failure stops the operations of the DBMS. Though, a failure at single site of a DDBMS, or a failure of a communication link cr
Association as a cache This association must be updated when any new element is added to it, but testing for overlap using association is more efficient. Figure:
Describe the algorithm for updating indices for a single level index when a record is (i) Inserted (ii) deleted What will be the modification if there are multilevel in
how to find entities
crete a data base relationship model Entity: Students; Professors; Dormitories buildings; Attributes of students: Name; Address; Dorm;
Define average seek time. The average seek time is the average of the seek times, calculated over a sequence of random requests.
Illustrate the State model for the ATM class let us take state model for the ATM class given below in Figure showing state model of the ATM class and the pseudo code derived fr
Define the basic operations of the relational algebra? Ans: Basic operators of relational algebra are: 1. Union (∪) - Selects tuples which are in either P or Q or in bot
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