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A super key is an attribute or set of attributes used to recognize the records uniquely in a relation.
For instance, in the Relation PERSON defines earlier PERSON_ID is a super key since PERSON_ID is unique for every person. Likewise (PERSON_ID, AGE) and (PERSON_ID, NAME) are also super keys of the relation PERSON as their combination is also unique for each record.
When It is better to use files than a DBMS? It is better to use files than a DBMS when Multiple users wish to access the data.
Database Recovery And Security Introduction In this part we will introduce two main issues relating to database management systems. A computer system suffers from dissi
With the linear commit protocol, sites are connected in a chain, and the subtransaction at the left-hand end of the chain initiates the protocol. Propose a crash recovery protocol
Example -GRANT CREATE SESSION TO MCA12; (This command gives system level permission on creating a session - not portable) GRANT SELECT ON EMP TO MCA12; (Object level permi
Define decision tree classifiers? As the name suggests decision tree classifiers use a tree: Every leaf node has an associated class, and every internal node has a predicate as
Describe the Composite Key Composite Key: Sometimes one key is not enough to uniquely recognize a row. E.g. in a single class Roll is enough to search a student, but in the w
Explain the Natural join Natural join is a binary operator which is written as (R* S) in which R and S are relations. The effect of the natural join is the set of all combinati
Explain about primary key Primary Key: It is one of the candidate keys that are taken to be the recognizing key for the entire table. E.g. although there are two candidate ke
Examples:- Hierarchical Model: It tells data as and relationships by hierarchy of data values. Figure illustrates an example of hierarchical model. Now a day's these models are
Find a 3NF decomposition of the following relation scheme: University (Faculty, Dean, Department, Chair, Professor, Rank, Student}. The University relation satisfies the following
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