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As the Internet started, the original Classful addressing procedure became a limitation. The IP address space was being terminated because all networks had to select one of three possible sizes. Many addresses were not used.
Two new methods were invented to overcome the limitations, which are as given:
Instead of having three different address classes, allow the division between suffix and prefix to occur on an arbitrary boundary. The classless addressing scheme answers the problem by allowing an ISP to give a prefix. Prefix is 28 bits long.
ARP - Address Resolution Protocol It is the protocol that traces IP addresses to MAC addresses. RARP - Reverse Address Resolution Protocol It is the protocol within the TC
Q. Quality of Service - multiplicative decrease? Quality of Service The collective consequence of service performance which determines the degree of satisfaction of a
File servers are useful for sharing files through a network. With a file server, the client passes requests for file records over network to file server
When a switch is said to be congested? It is possible that a switch receives packets faster than the shared link can accommodate and keeps in its memory, for an extended period
Q. Explain about Twisted-Pair Cable? - Two conductors surrounded by insulating material - One wire utilize to carry signals and other used as a ground reference - Twistin
Session layer examples are Netbios Names, SQL, NFS, X Windows, and RPC.
The most expensive method of accessing the Internet is to employ leased lines that directly connect to the ISP. This will enhance access rate to anywhere between 64 K and 1.5 Mbps,
Non-Blocking and Blocking network In Non-blocking networks, route from a free input node to another free output node can forever be provided. Crossbar is an illustration of non
Options The options fields may be used to provide other functions that are not covered by the header. If the length of the options field is not a multiple of 32 bits
Destination Port Number This is port number used by the process running on the destination host. It is also 16 bits long if the destination host if server ( a client sen
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