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String Manipulation Instruction
A series of words or data bytes are available in memory at consecutive locations, to be mention to individually or collectively, are known as byte strings or word strings or byte strings. For instance, a string of characters can be located in consecutive memory locations, where each character can be represented by its ASCII equivalent. For mention to a string, two parameters are needed,
(a) Length of the string and
(b) Starting or ending address of the string.
The length of a string is generally stored as count in the CX register. In case of 8085, same structures may be set up by counter and the pointer arrangements. The counters and pointers can be modified at each iteration until the needed condition for proceeding further is satisfied. Instead, the 8086 supports a set of more powerful instructions for string manipulations. In case of 8086 string instructions, the decrementing or incrementing of the pointer depends on the direction flag (DF) status. If it is a byte string operation then the index registers are updated by one. Instead, if it is a word string operation then the index registers are updated by two. The counter in both of the cases is decremented by one. It consisits of REP, MOVSW/MOVSB, CMPS, SCAS, LODS, STOS.
RET : Return from the Procedure:- At each CALL instruction, the register IP and register CS of the next instruction is pushed to stack, before the control is transferred to the
Multiply two numbers by using shift and rotate instruction
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SEG : Segment of a Label:- The SEG operator is which is used to decide the segment address of the, variable, label or procedure and substitutes the segment base address in plac
to separate positive and negative numbers
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Opcode : The opcode generally appear in the first byte.but in a few instructions, a register objective is in the first byte and few other instructions may have their 3-bits of
DEC : A powerful new Alpha 64 bit RISC computer chip was introduced in the year 1977, as new VAX (Virtual Address Extension) Computer. The VAX was 32 bit computer line based on
1) Write an 80x86 assembly language program in EXE file format to do the following tasks: a) Open and read the contents of a file into memory (use at least 1 kB). b) Sort the li
IRET : Return from ISR:- When an interrupt service routine is called, before transferring control to it, the IP, CS register and flag registers are stored in the stack to ment
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