State the enzymes and recombinant dna technology, Biology

Assignment Help:

Enzymes and recombinant DNA technology

Recombinant DNA technology, also called as genetic engineering makes use of a variety of enzymes, particularly restriction endonucleases (from  bacteria) and DNA ligases to insert extra genes into cells with the help  of vehicles termed 'vectors'. One important group of vectors is 'plasmids', which are small, circular, cytoplasmic molecules of DNA, acting as extrachromosomal genes in bacteria. It is possible to extract and purify plasmids and to insert extra genes into the circles. These altered plasmids can then be taken up again from the medium by the microorganism. Then as the bacterium is grown in culture, the inserted gene will be replicated together with the vector. The production of identical copies is termed as 'cloning.

Another group of vectors are the variants of a bacterial virus known as  λ phage. The phage DNA is about 45 kb long, of which the middle third has no role in the infection process and can be replaced by another piece of DNA of about the same length (again by means of restriction endonuclease and ligase enzymes) without affecting the ability of the phage to infect bacteria and be reproduced  in abundance. Genes or gene fragments of about 15 kb length can be inserted and cloned in this way, in contrast to the limit of 10 kb when plasmids are used as vectors.

 


Related Discussions:- State the enzymes and recombinant dna technology

Physiological characteristics of molds, Q. Physiological Characteristics of...

Q. Physiological Characteristics of molds? The physiological characteristics of molds will be reviewed only briefly here and will be discussed in more detail subsequently. Mois

Fat metabolism, FAT METABOLISM Animals  digest  and utilize three main ...

FAT METABOLISM Animals  digest  and utilize three main  types  of fatty compounds or lipids  neutral or true  fats ( triglycerides ),  phospholipids  and sterols. Endproducts

Hydra – metazoa, Hydra – Metazoa The animals of phyla Cnidaria and Cte...

Hydra – Metazoa The animals of phyla Cnidaria and Ctenophora are made up of only two germ layers: ectoderm which forms the outer covering of the animal and endoderm which is t

Explain gene expression - nutrient gene interactions, Explain Gene Expressi...

Explain Gene Expression - Nutrient Gene Interactions? The last two decades have witnessed tremendous development in our understanding of the cellular processes at the molecular

Introduction to heart surgery, INTRODUCTION :  It took just hundred years ...

INTRODUCTION :  It took just hundred years for cardiac surgery to advance to what it is today. Before 1896, surgeons considered heart to be "inviolable" and it was stated that ope

Hypothesis - nursing research, Hypothesis: The  spelling of hypothesis...

Hypothesis: The  spelling of hypothesis when written  as  "hypotheses"  indicate plural. The hypothesis is a statement or declaration of  the expected outcome of a research st

What are the steps for conversion of food, Steps for Conversion of food ...

Steps for Conversion of food Conversion of food is done in four steps: 1) Ingestion, mastication and swallowing: Ingestion or taking in of food and mastication are done b

Glucose-6-phosphate to glucose, Glucose-6-phosphate to Glucose Glucose...

Glucose-6-phosphate to Glucose Glucose-6-phosphate to Glucose : Glucose-6-phosphate  is converted to glucose  by glucose-6-phosphatase which is present in intestine, liver and

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd