Staging of heart failure, Biology

Assignment Help:

In this unit you have learnt that heart failure is one of the most common conditions seen and results in a high mortality. It can result from failure of the heart muscle as with coronary heart disease, hypertension or cardiomyopathy or as the result of mechanical stresses like valvar regurgitation or stenosis. The heart and circulation have many adaptations to cope with heart failure but in the long term these prove inadequate. There are many grades of heart failure and the two main types are systolic and diastolic heart failure. Echocardiography is of immense value in estimating the ejection fraction, chamber volumes and mechanical problems. There are several lines of treatment including the use of diuretics, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and blockers, inotropic agents like digitalis and the cautious use of beta blockers in special situations. Mechanical and electrical devices are also in use. When all else fails one resorts to cardiac transplantation but the number who can have access to such facilities are very few indeed.  


Related Discussions:- Staging of heart failure

Illustrate pathology, Q. Illustrate Pathology? Following rheumatic feve...

Q. Illustrate Pathology? Following rheumatic fever, over next few years to decades, the typical funnel shaped mitral valve assumes a fish mouth appearance. During rheumatic fev

What is the etiological agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis, What is the etiol...

What is the etiological agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis? How is the disease transmitted and what are its typical manifestations? The etiological agent of cutaneous leishmanias

Adrenal glands, Adrenal glands There are two adrenal glands one each...

Adrenal glands There are two adrenal glands one each on the top of each kidney. Adrenal gland has two parts, the outer cortex and inner medulla. Both cortex and medull

Morphogenesis of an ectodermal derivative, Morphogenesis of an Ectodermal D...

Morphogenesis of an Ectodermal Derivative During the development of vertebrate body the dissimilar regions in the three germ layers of the gastrula become segregated from each

Where in living beings can found mineral salts, Q. Which are mineral salts?...

Q. Which are mineral salts? Where in living beings can found mineral salts? Ans. Mineral salts are simple inorganic substances made of metallic chemical elements, like sodiu

What are the ploidies of the generated cells, In which meiotic division doe...

In which meiotic division does the separation of the homologous occur? What are the ploidies of the generated cells after the end of that process? The separation of the homolog

What are the main biological functions of water, Q. What are the main biolo...

Q. What are the main biological functions of water? Ans. Water is the basic solvent for chemical reactions of living beings; it is the main means of substance transportati

Sexual reproduction, SEXUA L REPRODUCTION 1 .       Amphigony       ...

SEXUA L REPRODUCTION 1 .       Amphigony        -          Zygote is formed. (i) Syngamy Fusion of gametes. (a) Endogamy - It involves self fertilisation. e.g.

What are the consumer and producer surplus, What are the consumer and produ...

What are the consumer and producer surplus? Consumer and producer surplus: At equilibrium P 1 Q 1 (as point B, here demand equals supply) Consumer surplus:

Osteogenesis - production of bone on soft tissue, Osteogenesis: Production ...

Osteogenesis: Production of Bone on Soft Tissue Now that we know the players in bone adaptation, we will look at the ways in which bone may be created and modified. There are t

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd