Stack operation and interrupts in microprocessor, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Let us review the operation of the stack within the 68HC11, the stack is a defined area of RAM which is last in first out register (LIFO) . Access to the stack is made via a stack pointer (SP). In the 68HC11 there is only one stack pointer and it is initialised by the LDS command. To transfer data onto the stack we can use the command PSHA or PSHB i.e. push register A or B onto the stack. To remove data simply pull it i.e PULA or PULB, likewise the index registers may be stacked  etc.

      PSHA Push A onto Stack
      PSHB  Push B onto Stack
      PSHX  Push X onto Stack
      PSHY  Push Y onto Stack
      PULA Pull A onto Stack
      PULB  Pull B onto Stack
      PULX  Pull X onto Stack
      PULY  Pull Y onto Stack

Every time data is 'Pushed' onto the stack the Stack pointer is decrements accordingly. The stack is used often by the micro controller for temporary holding data, if a subroutine occurs, the processor stacks the return address and upon the receipt of the RTS command, it pulls the return address automatically. During an interrupt the processor stacks the full details of itself i.e.

  SP    Condition code  
  SP-1    Accumulator A
  SP-2    Accumulator B
  SP-3    Index register X high
  SP-4    Index register X low
  SP-5    Index register Y high
  SP-6    Index register Y low
  SP-7    return address High
  SP-8    Return address Low 
  SP-9    Stack pointer after interrupt

Therefore great care should be taken when using the stack as during an interrupt or subroutine if you place data on the stack you must remove the data before you return from it.


Related Discussions:- Stack operation and interrupts in microprocessor

Assembly Language, Write an assembly program to simulate a microwave

Write an assembly program to simulate a microwave

What is a word line, What is a word line? In a memory cell, all the cel...

What is a word line? In a memory cell, all the cells of a row are linked to a common line called as word line

The periodic table of elements, Make a data structure to store information ...

Make a data structure to store information about the elements in the periodic table of elements.  For each element, store the name, atomic number, chemical symbol, class, atomic we

Explain routing tone in strowger telephony, Explain routing tone in strowge...

Explain routing tone in strowger telephony with waveforms and the timings. The call-in-progress tone or routing tone is a 400 Hz or 800 Hz intermittent pattern. In electromec

Representation scheme in artificial intelligence, Representation scheme in ...

Representation scheme in artificial intelligence: It is not hard to see why logic has been popular representation scheme in AI: In this way, It is easy to represent knowl

Multi-layer artificial neural networks, Multi-Layer Artificial Neural Netwo...

Multi-Layer Artificial Neural Networks - Artificial intelligence: Now we can look at more sophisticated ANNs, which are known multi-layer artificial neural networks because the

Explain e-brokerage, E-brokerage. An e-brokerage is an investment house...

E-brokerage. An e-brokerage is an investment house that permits you to buy and sell stocks and get investment information from its Web site.

Simplify the expression by using karnaugh map, Simplify   the   following  ...

Simplify   the   following   expression   into   sum   of   products   using   Karnaugh   map F(A, B, C, D) = ∑ (1,3,4,5,6,7,9,12,13) Ans. Simplification of the giv

Exponential search, Exponential Search Another alternative to variable ...

Exponential Search Another alternative to variable size decrease-and-conquer search is known as exponential search. This algorithm begins searching at the beginning of the list

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd