Stack operation and interrupts in microprocessor, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Let us review the operation of the stack within the 68HC11, the stack is a defined area of RAM which is last in first out register (LIFO) . Access to the stack is made via a stack pointer (SP). In the 68HC11 there is only one stack pointer and it is initialised by the LDS command. To transfer data onto the stack we can use the command PSHA or PSHB i.e. push register A or B onto the stack. To remove data simply pull it i.e PULA or PULB, likewise the index registers may be stacked  etc.

      PSHA Push A onto Stack
      PSHB  Push B onto Stack
      PSHX  Push X onto Stack
      PSHY  Push Y onto Stack
      PULA Pull A onto Stack
      PULB  Pull B onto Stack
      PULX  Pull X onto Stack
      PULY  Pull Y onto Stack

Every time data is 'Pushed' onto the stack the Stack pointer is decrements accordingly. The stack is used often by the micro controller for temporary holding data, if a subroutine occurs, the processor stacks the return address and upon the receipt of the RTS command, it pulls the return address automatically. During an interrupt the processor stacks the full details of itself i.e.

  SP    Condition code  
  SP-1    Accumulator A
  SP-2    Accumulator B
  SP-3    Index register X high
  SP-4    Index register X low
  SP-5    Index register Y high
  SP-6    Index register Y low
  SP-7    return address High
  SP-8    Return address Low 
  SP-9    Stack pointer after interrupt

Therefore great care should be taken when using the stack as during an interrupt or subroutine if you place data on the stack you must remove the data before you return from it.


Related Discussions:- Stack operation and interrupts in microprocessor

What is parallel loop construct, Q. What is Parallel Loop Construct? Pa...

Q. What is Parallel Loop Construct? Parallel loop construct is a shortcut for specifying parallel construct comprising one loop construct and no other statements. The syntax of

Explain segment registers in bus interface unit, Q. Explain Segment Registe...

Q. Explain Segment Registers in bus interface unit? These are very significant registers of CPU. Why? We will answer this later. In 8086 microprocessor memory is a byte organiz

Computer representation for the negative integer, Everything stored on a co...

Everything stored on a computer can be represented as a string of bits. However, different types of data (for example, characters and numbers) may be represented by the same string

What do you mean by file, Q. What do you mean by File? In computer voca...

Q. What do you mean by File? In computer vocabulary, file is a collection of text or data stored on a storage device, such as a Floppy Disk or Hard Disk. If you a fresher to c

Explain the properties of hypercube, Q. Explain the properties of Hypercube...

Q. Explain the properties of Hypercube? Properties of Hypercube: Hypercube is both edge and node symmetric. The labels of any two neighbouring nodes vary in exactl

Limits of traditional payment instruments and overcome, What are the restri...

What are the restrictions of traditional payment instruments? How are such restrictions overcome by electronic payment systems? The restrictions of traditional payment system a

Extension of propositional logic, Extension of propositional logic: Aw...

Extension of propositional logic: Away from proving  theorems directly, and the other main use for rewrite rules is to prepare a statement just for use before we search for th

Elaborate the memory devices - semiconductor memory, Elaborate the memory ...

Elaborate the memory devices  - Semiconductor memory All of the memory used as main store in a modern computer is applied as semiconductors fabricated on wafers of silicon. Sem

Explain standard set of procedure to complete a call process, Explain a s...

Explain a standard set of procedure for completing a local telephone call or call processing. Completing a local telephone call among two subscribers connected to the similar

Explain about integration levels, Q. Explain about Integration Levels? ...

Q. Explain about Integration Levels? Initially only few gates were integrated consistently on a chip. This initial integration was termed as small-scale integration (SSI). With

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd