Stack operation and interrupts in microprocessor, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Let us review the operation of the stack within the 68HC11, the stack is a defined area of RAM which is last in first out register (LIFO) . Access to the stack is made via a stack pointer (SP). In the 68HC11 there is only one stack pointer and it is initialised by the LDS command. To transfer data onto the stack we can use the command PSHA or PSHB i.e. push register A or B onto the stack. To remove data simply pull it i.e PULA or PULB, likewise the index registers may be stacked  etc.

      PSHA Push A onto Stack
      PSHB  Push B onto Stack
      PSHX  Push X onto Stack
      PSHY  Push Y onto Stack
      PULA Pull A onto Stack
      PULB  Pull B onto Stack
      PULX  Pull X onto Stack
      PULY  Pull Y onto Stack

Every time data is 'Pushed' onto the stack the Stack pointer is decrements accordingly. The stack is used often by the micro controller for temporary holding data, if a subroutine occurs, the processor stacks the return address and upon the receipt of the RTS command, it pulls the return address automatically. During an interrupt the processor stacks the full details of itself i.e.

  SP    Condition code  
  SP-1    Accumulator A
  SP-2    Accumulator B
  SP-3    Index register X high
  SP-4    Index register X low
  SP-5    Index register Y high
  SP-6    Index register Y low
  SP-7    return address High
  SP-8    Return address Low 
  SP-9    Stack pointer after interrupt

Therefore great care should be taken when using the stack as during an interrupt or subroutine if you place data on the stack you must remove the data before you return from it.


Related Discussions:- Stack operation and interrupts in microprocessor

#project, how to build PVR set-top box using raspberry

how to build PVR set-top box using raspberry

Specifying research problems, Specifying Research Problems: In our age...

Specifying Research Problems: In our agent terminology or in technique history, a problem to be solved is a specific and justified manner where the agent has starts with the b

Explain the fixed logic versus programmable logic, Explain the Fixed Logic ...

Explain the Fixed Logic Versus Programmable Logic? The Logic devices can be classified into two broad categories - fixed and programmable. The same as the name suggests, the ci

Compare the memory devices ram and rom, Compare the memory devices RAM and ...

Compare the memory devices RAM and ROM. Ans. Comparison of Semi-conductor Memories RAM ands ROM The advantages of ROM are: 1. This is cheaper than RAM. 2. This is non-volatil

State the hardware faults and softwate faults, State the hardware faults an...

State the hardware faults and softwate faults - protection against hardware faults could be to keep backups or use GFS; use of UPS (in case of power loss) and parallel system a

The long and short date option , In MS Access, the long and short date opti...

In MS Access, the long and short date option does not show 4 digit years. How do I achieve the mm/dd/yyyy format? Ans) In the date field properties of the table, form, or prop

What do you understand by hit ratio, What do you understand by Hit ratio? ...

What do you understand by Hit ratio? When a processor refers a data item from a cache, if the referenced item is in the cache, then such a reference is called hit. If the refer

What is a zombie, What is a zombie? When a program forks and the child ...

What is a zombie? When a program forks and the child finishes before the parent, the kernel still keeps some of its information about the child in case the parent might require

What is a unix device driver, A UNIX device driver is ? Ans. A UNIX devi...

A UNIX device driver is ? Ans. A UNIX device driver is structured in two halves termed as top half and bottom half.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd