Stack operation and interrupts in microprocessor, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Let us review the operation of the stack within the 68HC11, the stack is a defined area of RAM which is last in first out register (LIFO) . Access to the stack is made via a stack pointer (SP). In the 68HC11 there is only one stack pointer and it is initialised by the LDS command. To transfer data onto the stack we can use the command PSHA or PSHB i.e. push register A or B onto the stack. To remove data simply pull it i.e PULA or PULB, likewise the index registers may be stacked  etc.

      PSHA Push A onto Stack
      PSHB  Push B onto Stack
      PSHX  Push X onto Stack
      PSHY  Push Y onto Stack
      PULA Pull A onto Stack
      PULB  Pull B onto Stack
      PULX  Pull X onto Stack
      PULY  Pull Y onto Stack

Every time data is 'Pushed' onto the stack the Stack pointer is decrements accordingly. The stack is used often by the micro controller for temporary holding data, if a subroutine occurs, the processor stacks the return address and upon the receipt of the RTS command, it pulls the return address automatically. During an interrupt the processor stacks the full details of itself i.e.

  SP    Condition code  
  SP-1    Accumulator A
  SP-2    Accumulator B
  SP-3    Index register X high
  SP-4    Index register X low
  SP-5    Index register Y high
  SP-6    Index register Y low
  SP-7    return address High
  SP-8    Return address Low 
  SP-9    Stack pointer after interrupt

Therefore great care should be taken when using the stack as during an interrupt or subroutine if you place data on the stack you must remove the data before you return from it.


Related Discussions:- Stack operation and interrupts in microprocessor

What is virtual memory, Virtual Memory is a way of extending a computer's m...

Virtual Memory is a way of extending a computer's memory by using a disk file to replicate add'l memory space. The OS remain track of these add'l memory addresses on the hard disk

Finite automata, applications of context free grammar

applications of context free grammar

Define wilkes control unit, Q. Define Wilkes Control Unit? Prof. M. V. ...

Q. Define Wilkes Control Unit? Prof. M. V. Wilkes of the Cambridge University Mathematical Laboratory invented the term microprogramming in 1951. He offered a systematic altern

Number square, Ask question #MinimYour professor wants you to fill a two-di...

Ask question #MinimYour professor wants you to fill a two-dimensional N by N matrix with some numbers by following a specific pattern. According to his explanation as in the figure

What is ROM, What is ROM? Ans: ROM: It is called Read Only Memor...

What is ROM? Ans: ROM: It is called Read Only Memory, is a Permanent or Semi-permanent Memory. The data is permanently stored and cannot be changed, in Permanent ROM. Th

What are the functions of dispatcher, What are the functions of dispatcher?...

What are the functions of dispatcher? There are four fuctions of dispatcher:- A)  Equal distribution of transaction load to the work processes.  B) Management of buffer a

Explain the working of any one of centralized spc, Explain the working of a...

Explain the working of any one of centralized SPC? Standby mode of operation is the easiest of dual processor configuration operations. Usually, one processor is active and

Describe the hardwired control method, Describe the Hardwired control metho...

Describe the Hardwired control method for generating the control signals Hard-wired control can be explained as sequential logic circuit that generates particular sequences of

Types of classification-classification of parallel computers, Types Of Clas...

Types Of Classification The following classification of parallel computers have been recognized: 1)      Categorization based on the data streams and instruction 2)

Link your documents to site, Images in the top area of Compass home page gu...

Images in the top area of Compass home page guide visitors to specific pages on the site. Now you will add links for navigation buttons. You will see that there are some ways to

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd