Stack operation and interrupts in microprocessor, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Let us review the operation of the stack within the 68HC11, the stack is a defined area of RAM which is last in first out register (LIFO) . Access to the stack is made via a stack pointer (SP). In the 68HC11 there is only one stack pointer and it is initialised by the LDS command. To transfer data onto the stack we can use the command PSHA or PSHB i.e. push register A or B onto the stack. To remove data simply pull it i.e PULA or PULB, likewise the index registers may be stacked  etc.

      PSHA Push A onto Stack
      PSHB  Push B onto Stack
      PSHX  Push X onto Stack
      PSHY  Push Y onto Stack
      PULA Pull A onto Stack
      PULB  Pull B onto Stack
      PULX  Pull X onto Stack
      PULY  Pull Y onto Stack

Every time data is 'Pushed' onto the stack the Stack pointer is decrements accordingly. The stack is used often by the micro controller for temporary holding data, if a subroutine occurs, the processor stacks the return address and upon the receipt of the RTS command, it pulls the return address automatically. During an interrupt the processor stacks the full details of itself i.e.

  SP    Condition code  
  SP-1    Accumulator A
  SP-2    Accumulator B
  SP-3    Index register X high
  SP-4    Index register X low
  SP-5    Index register Y high
  SP-6    Index register Y low
  SP-7    return address High
  SP-8    Return address Low 
  SP-9    Stack pointer after interrupt

Therefore great care should be taken when using the stack as during an interrupt or subroutine if you place data on the stack you must remove the data before you return from it.


Related Discussions:- Stack operation and interrupts in microprocessor

Explain the architectural description languages, Explain the Architectural ...

Explain the Architectural description languages Architectural description languages (ACLs) have been developed for the architectural description in analysis and design process

How do you create special files like named pipes, How do you create special...

How do you create special files like named pipes and device files? The system call method forms special files in the following sequence. Kernel assigns new inode,

Various interconnection networks-fully connected, Various Interconnection N...

Various Interconnection Networks Fully connected: This is the most controlling interconnection topology.In this each node is directly linked to all other nodes. The shortcomi

Explain bitwise-exclusive-or operator, Bitwise-Exclusive-OR Operator: ^ ...

Bitwise-Exclusive-OR Operator: ^ exclusive-OR-expression : AND-expression exclusive-OR-expression ^ AND-expression The  bitwise-exclusive-OR  operator  (^)  compares

Benefits of traditional hard disks and cd-rom, Q. Benefits of traditional h...

Q. Benefits of traditional hard disks and CD-ROM? CD-ROM is suitable for distribution of large amounts of data to a large number of users. CD-ROMs are a general medium these da

Why generalization is very strong, Even while Generalization satisfies Stru...

Even while Generalization satisfies Structural, Interface, Behaviour properties. It is mathematically very strong, as it is Antisymmetric and Transitive. Antisymmetric: employe

Describe the concept of value creation, I am required to write about the im...

I am required to write about the impact of the internet on firms with reference to the following questions: 1. Describe the concept of value creation. Explain how a firm can use

Pruning - artificial intelligence, Pruning - artificial intelligence: ...

Pruning - artificial intelligence: Recall which pruning a search space means deciding that there certain branches to should not be explored. Moreover if an agent knows for sur

What is file allocation table, Q. What is File allocation table? FAT ma...

Q. What is File allocation table? FAT maps the usage of data space of disk. It comprises information about space used by every individual file and unused disk space as well as

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd