Stack operation and interrupts in microprocessor, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Let us review the operation of the stack within the 68HC11, the stack is a defined area of RAM which is last in first out register (LIFO) . Access to the stack is made via a stack pointer (SP). In the 68HC11 there is only one stack pointer and it is initialised by the LDS command. To transfer data onto the stack we can use the command PSHA or PSHB i.e. push register A or B onto the stack. To remove data simply pull it i.e PULA or PULB, likewise the index registers may be stacked  etc.

      PSHA Push A onto Stack
      PSHB  Push B onto Stack
      PSHX  Push X onto Stack
      PSHY  Push Y onto Stack
      PULA Pull A onto Stack
      PULB  Pull B onto Stack
      PULX  Pull X onto Stack
      PULY  Pull Y onto Stack

Every time data is 'Pushed' onto the stack the Stack pointer is decrements accordingly. The stack is used often by the micro controller for temporary holding data, if a subroutine occurs, the processor stacks the return address and upon the receipt of the RTS command, it pulls the return address automatically. During an interrupt the processor stacks the full details of itself i.e.

  SP    Condition code  
  SP-1    Accumulator A
  SP-2    Accumulator B
  SP-3    Index register X high
  SP-4    Index register X low
  SP-5    Index register Y high
  SP-6    Index register Y low
  SP-7    return address High
  SP-8    Return address Low 
  SP-9    Stack pointer after interrupt

Therefore great care should be taken when using the stack as during an interrupt or subroutine if you place data on the stack you must remove the data before you return from it.


Related Discussions:- Stack operation and interrupts in microprocessor

Find out the hexadecimal sum, Find the hex sum of (93) 16 + (DE) 16 ? Ans...

Find the hex sum of (93) 16 + (DE) 16 ? Ans. Hex Sum of (93) 16 + (DE) 16 Convert Hexadecimal numbers 93 and DE to there binary equivalent demonstrated below:- Hence (9

Fundamental change to the cloud to support mobility, Question: The abun...

Question: The abundance of resources and the ease of access to cloud computing can help to bridge the gap the resource gap for mobile computing. Nevertheless some fundamental c

Explain i/o buffer and advantage of buffering, What is an I/O buffer? What ...

What is an I/O buffer? What is the advantage of buffering? Is buffering always effective? Justify your answer with help of an example.   One type of I/O requirement arises from

Determine about the term- voice synthesis, Voice synthesis Loud speakers ...

Voice synthesis Loud speakers and special software are used to output information in the form of sound to help blind and partially-sighted people; it also helps people who have d

How can we design radio button, Q. How can we design Radio Button? Radi...

Q. How can we design Radio Button? Radio buttons are used when only one out of group of options is to be chosen. In the illustration code we have put a line break after every b

C program, program for finding the area under the curve   #includ...

program for finding the area under the curve   #include float start_point, /* GLOBAL VARIABLES */ end_point, total_area; int

C programming, #write a program to find the area under the curve y=f(x) bet...

#write a program to find the area under the curve y=f(x) between x =a and x=b integrate the area between a and b by c programming

Programmed input - output technique for computers, Q. Programmed input - ou...

Q. Programmed input - output technique for computers? Programmed input/output is a useful I/O technique for computers where hardware costs need to be minimised. Input or output

Illustrate what is pascal''s principle, Illustrate what is pascal's princip...

Illustrate what is pascal's principle? Answer:- Pascal's Principle declares that the pressure is transmitted evenly through a liquid. That's why when you pump up a balloon

Explain the processor-memory interconnection network (pmin), Processor-Memo...

Processor-Memory Interconnection Network (PMIN): It's a switch which attaches several processors to distinct memory modules. Connecting each processor to every memory module in

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd