Stack operation and interrupts in microprocessor, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Let us review the operation of the stack within the 68HC11, the stack is a defined area of RAM which is last in first out register (LIFO) . Access to the stack is made via a stack pointer (SP). In the 68HC11 there is only one stack pointer and it is initialised by the LDS command. To transfer data onto the stack we can use the command PSHA or PSHB i.e. push register A or B onto the stack. To remove data simply pull it i.e PULA or PULB, likewise the index registers may be stacked  etc.

      PSHA Push A onto Stack
      PSHB  Push B onto Stack
      PSHX  Push X onto Stack
      PSHY  Push Y onto Stack
      PULA Pull A onto Stack
      PULB  Pull B onto Stack
      PULX  Pull X onto Stack
      PULY  Pull Y onto Stack

Every time data is 'Pushed' onto the stack the Stack pointer is decrements accordingly. The stack is used often by the micro controller for temporary holding data, if a subroutine occurs, the processor stacks the return address and upon the receipt of the RTS command, it pulls the return address automatically. During an interrupt the processor stacks the full details of itself i.e.

  SP    Condition code  
  SP-1    Accumulator A
  SP-2    Accumulator B
  SP-3    Index register X high
  SP-4    Index register X low
  SP-5    Index register Y high
  SP-6    Index register Y low
  SP-7    return address High
  SP-8    Return address Low 
  SP-9    Stack pointer after interrupt

Therefore great care should be taken when using the stack as during an interrupt or subroutine if you place data on the stack you must remove the data before you return from it.


Related Discussions:- Stack operation and interrupts in microprocessor

Find the average of two values, Q. Find the average of two values? Find...

Q. Find the average of two values? Find the average of two values which are stored in  ; Memory locations named FIRST and SECOND  ; And puts result in memory location AVG

Enumerate the design reusability of vhdl, Enumerate the Design reusability ...

Enumerate the Design reusability of VHDL VHDL.  Functions  and  Procedures  may  be  placed  in  a  package  so  that  they  are  available  to  any design-unit which wishes t

What are the aspects of CAD, What are the aspects of CAD Increased use ...

What are the aspects of CAD Increased use of computers has led to many of the above affects. Other aspects to consider include: -  deskilling of the work force (for illustra

What is input - output interface, The I/O interface provides a technique fo...

The I/O interface provides a technique for transferring information between external I/O devices and internal storage. Peripherals linked to a computer require special communicatio

Write shorts notes on remote procedure call, Write shorts notes on Remote P...

Write shorts notes on Remote Procedure Call (RPC) The facility whihc was created to help the programmers write client server software is termed as Remote Procedure Call. Within

Advantages of edi (electronic data interchange), Advantages of EDI 1.  ...

Advantages of EDI 1.  EDI replaces paper transactions with electronic transactions therefore it saves times and speeds up transactions. 2.  It gives a legal record of busine

What are the event key words in interactive reporting, What are the event k...

What are the event key words in interactive reporting? Event Keyword                                                 Event AT LINE-SELECTION         Moment at which the u

Discuss the 5-level switching hierarchy recommended by ccitt, Discuss the 5...

Discuss the 5-level switching hierarchy recommended by CCITT. Hierarchical networks are able of handling heavy traffic where needed, and at similar time use minimal number of t

What are limitations of assembly language, What are limitations of assembly...

What are limitations of assembly language? i. It is changed to machine language using assembler which is time consuming when compared with machine language. ii. It is comple

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd