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SQL Pseudocolumns
The PL/SQL recognizes the following SQL pseudocolumns, that returns the specific data items: LEVEL, NEXTVAL, CURRVAL, ROWID, & ROWNUM. The Pseudocolumns are not actual columns in a table but they behave as columns. For illustration, you can select values from a pseudocolumn. Though, you cannot insert into, update, or delete from a pseudocolumn. The pseudocolumns are also allowed in the SQL statements, but not in the procedural statements.
Ending Transactions A good quality programming practice is to commit or roll back every transaction explicitly. Whether you rollback or issue the commit in your PL/SQL program
Semidifference and NOT - SQL In this section first describe the relational difference operator, named MINUS. Example here shows SQL's closest counterpart of that operator.
Advantages of Exceptions Using the exceptions for the error handling has many benefits. Without an exception handling, every time you issue a command, you should ensure for th
Declaring Cursor Variables Once a REF CURSOR type is define by you, and then you can declare the cursor variables of that type in any PL/SQL block or subprogram. In the exampl
Use External Routines The PL/SQL is particular for the SQL transaction processing. Therefore, several tasks are more quickly completed in a lower-level language like C that is
Remote Operations: As the illustration shows below, the PL/SQL subprograms can execute the dynamic SQL statements which refer to the objects on a remote database: PROCEDURE
Using %TYPE The %TYPE attribute gives the datatype of a variable or the database column. In the example below, the %TYPE gives the datatype of a variable: credit REAL(7,2); debi
%NOTFOUND The %NOTFOUND is the logical opposite of the %FOUND. The %NOTFOUND yields TRUE when an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement affected no rows, or the SELECT INTO state
Using LOCK TABLE You use the LOCK TABLE statement to lock the whole database tables in the specified lock mode so that you can share or deny the access to them. For illustrati
%TYPE: This attribute gives the datatype of a formerly declared collection, cursor variable, object, field, record, database column, or variable. Datatype: This is simply
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