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SQL Is a Database Language:
The commands given to a DBMS by an application are written in the database language of the DBMS. The term data sublanguage is sometimes used instead of database language. The sub- prefix refers to the fact that application programs are sometimes written in some more general-purpose programming language (the "host" language), in which the database language commands are embedded in some prescribed style. Sometimes the embedding style is such that the embedded statements are unrecognized by the host language compiler or interpreter, and some special preprocessor is used to replace the embedded statements by, for example, CALL statements in the host language.Those remarks apply to SQL, as does the remainder of that section. Moreover, Part 10 of the international standard for SQL defines classes for use in object-oriented languages, in particular, Java, thus allowing method invocations to be used in place of old-fashioned CALL statements.
Anatomy of a Command Figure, showing a simple SQL command, is almost identical to its counterpart in the theory book. The only difference arises from the fact that SQL uses a
Using PRIOR and NEXT The PRIOR(n) returns the index number that precede index n in a collection. The NEXT(n) returns the index number which succeed the index n. If n has no pr
Example of Foreign Key Constraint Example: Alternative formulation for 6.3 as a foreign key constraint ALTER TABLE EXAM_MARK ADD CONSTRAINT Must_be_enrolled_to_take_exam
INSERT Command in SQL Loosely speaking, INSERT takes the rows of a given source table and adds them to the specified target table, retaining all the existing rows in the targ
Using FOR UPDATE If you declare a cursor which will be referenced in the CURRENT OF clause of an UPDATE or DELETE statement, you should use the FOR UPDATE clause to obtain an
Datatype Conversion At times it is necessary to convert a value from one datatype to another. For e.g. if you want to inspect a rowid, you should convert it to a character stri
Object Types An object type is a user-defined complex datatype which encapsulates the data structure along with the functions and procedures required to manipulate the data. Th
Restriction and AND - SQL Restriction is available via the WHERE operator, and so it is in SQL. However, by Example showing how a certain simple restriction can be expressed u
Avoiding Collection Exceptions In many cases, if you reference a nonexistent collection element, then PL/SQL raises a predefined exception. Consider the illustration shown b
Project Description: I want to write some SQL statements. The things I need are between pages 5-7. The only problem is that i want it till tomorrow. Skills required is SQL
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