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Attributes having a one value for a particular entity.
For instance, Age is a single valued attribute of a student entity.
Attributes that have more than single values for a specific entity is known as a multivalued attribute. Different entities may have dissimilar number of values for these types of attributes. For multivalued attributes we can also states the minimum and maximum number of vales that can be attached. For instance, phone number for a person entity is a multivalued attribute.
What is Message switching Message switching transmits data units which can be arbitrarily long. Packet switching has a utmost packet size, if any message longer than that, it s
Timestamps For Read operations: If TS (T) If TS (T) >= W-timestamp (Q), then the transaction T is trying to read a value of data item Q which has been written and committed
Give the levels of data abstraction? There are three levels of Data Abstraction a) Physical level b) logical level c) view level
what is 3nf
What is a view? A view is a logical view on one or more tables. A view on one or more tables i.e., the data from a view is not actually physically kept instead being derived f
Improved performance: As the data is located near the site of its demand, and given the inherent parallelism because of multiple copies, speed of database access may be good for di
Explain the Relational Completeness Codd described the term relational completeness to consider to a language that is complete with respect to first-order predicate calculus ex
In a relation, tuples are not inserted in any definite order. Ordering of tuples is not defined as a part of a relation definition. Though, records may be structured later accordin
What are referential integrity constraints? A value that appears in single relation for a given set of attributes also appears for a particular set of attributes in another rel
What is hashing file organization? In the hashing file organization, a hash function is computed on some attribute of every record. The result of the hash function specify in
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