Simple batch systems, Basic Computer Science

Assignment Help:

Simple Batch Systems:

Early machines were very expensive, and therefore it was important to maximize machine utilization. To improve utilization, the concept of batch operating system was developed. It appears that the first batch operating system (and the first operating system of any kind) was developed in the mid-1950s by General Motors for use on an IBM 701. The concept was subsequently refined and implemented on the IBM 704 by a number of IBM customers.  

The central idea behind the batch processing  system was the use of a piece of software known as the monitor. With the use of this type of operating system, the user no longer had direct access to the machine. Rather, the user submitted the job on cards or tape to a computer operator, who batches the jobs together sequentially and places the entire batch on an input device, for use by the monitor.  Many important breakthroughs in operating system design occurred in the early 1960s which laid the foundation for design of modern operating system. 

 In 1963, Burroughs design of Master Control Program (MCP), which included design of many of the features of modern systems such as support for multiprocessing (with two identical CPUs) as well as multitasking capabilities. 

IBM introduces OS/360 as the operating system for its new System/360 in 1964. OD/360 provided a powerful language to expedite batch processing known as Job Control Language. It introduced a simple form of  multiprogramming  or multitasking feature that facilitated loading several jobs into main memory, so that other jobs programs could use the CPU when one job was busy with I/O. By this time, disks were also becoming available. To take its advantage the OS introduced features to cards onto disk while the CPU executed its jobs; thus, when a job completed, the OS could load another job from disk into memory, ready to run. This improved the OS scheduling capability. Multiprogramming or multitasking is the central theme of modern operating system.  


Related Discussions:- Simple batch systems

Sequential reading in fcb files, Earlier than anything we must describe the...

Earlier than anything we must describe the file transfer area or DTA. With the intention of sequentially read we use the 14H function of the 21Hinterruption.The register to be read

Describe 3 components of a pattern, QUESTION (a) Compare the adapter pa...

QUESTION (a) Compare the adapter pattern with the façade and decorator patterns. (b) Illustrate a two-way adapter pattern. (c) Describe 3 components of a pattern. (d)

Cprgm, A palindrome is a string that reads the same from both the ends. Giv...

A palindrome is a string that reads the same from both the ends. Given a string S convert it to a palindrome by doing character replacement. Your task is to convert S to palindrome

Message quality and quantity, Message Quality and Quantity: Quality of...

Message Quality and Quantity: Quality of transmission is a very important .consideration in telecommunication. Voice communication can use a narrow bandwidth, which means the

Explain process creation and process termination, Question 1 Explain diffe...

Question 1 Explain different functions of an operating system. Explain the evolution of operating systems Question 2 Explain process creation and process termination Ques

COMPUTER SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE, PLEASE HELP ME TO CONSTRUCT THE XOR GATE USIN...

PLEASE HELP ME TO CONSTRUCT THE XOR GATE USING ONLY NAND GATE

Base, 123 is not valid in which base value

123 is not valid in which base value

Optical fibres, Optical Fibres: Coaxial cables have limitations such a...

Optical Fibres: Coaxial cables have limitations such as broadband transmission medium which can be overcome by the use of optical fibres. Optical fibres carry light waves (rep

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd