Simple batch systems, Basic Computer Science

Assignment Help:

Simple Batch Systems:

Early machines were very expensive, and therefore it was important to maximize machine utilization. To improve utilization, the concept of batch operating system was developed. It appears that the first batch operating system (and the first operating system of any kind) was developed in the mid-1950s by General Motors for use on an IBM 701. The concept was subsequently refined and implemented on the IBM 704 by a number of IBM customers.  

The central idea behind the batch processing  system was the use of a piece of software known as the monitor. With the use of this type of operating system, the user no longer had direct access to the machine. Rather, the user submitted the job on cards or tape to a computer operator, who batches the jobs together sequentially and places the entire batch on an input device, for use by the monitor.  Many important breakthroughs in operating system design occurred in the early 1960s which laid the foundation for design of modern operating system. 

 In 1963, Burroughs design of Master Control Program (MCP), which included design of many of the features of modern systems such as support for multiprocessing (with two identical CPUs) as well as multitasking capabilities. 

IBM introduces OS/360 as the operating system for its new System/360 in 1964. OD/360 provided a powerful language to expedite batch processing known as Job Control Language. It introduced a simple form of  multiprogramming  or multitasking feature that facilitated loading several jobs into main memory, so that other jobs programs could use the CPU when one job was busy with I/O. By this time, disks were also becoming available. To take its advantage the OS introduced features to cards onto disk while the CPU executed its jobs; thus, when a job completed, the OS could load another job from disk into memory, ready to run. This improved the OS scheduling capability. Multiprogramming or multitasking is the central theme of modern operating system.  


Related Discussions:- Simple batch systems

CAI, explain CAI pitfalls

explain CAI pitfalls

Difference between an html and an xhtml page, QUESTION (a) Define four ...

QUESTION (a) Define four special target names use with the TARGET attribute (b) Explain the main difference between an HTML and an XHTML page (c) Give two merits and two

Enterprise collaboration system, what is the goals of enterprise collaborat...

what is the goals of enterprise collaboration system?

Normalization, how we come to know about primary key,if more than ids gathe...

how we come to know about primary key,if more than ids gather?

Give birth to new life forms, Give birth to new life forms A research ...

Give birth to new life forms A research of Artificial Life will definitely throw light on what it means for a complex application to be 'alive'. Moreover, ALife researchers th

Basic parts of a computers, The basic parts of a computers are shown in Fig...

The basic parts of a computers are shown in Figure.   Input devices such as a keyboard, mouse or scanner are used to enter input (data and/or instructions), directly

Why is the random class in the .net framework not suitable, QUESTION (a...

QUESTION (a) (i) Why is the Random class in the .NET framework not suitable for generating random bytes for cryptography purposes? (ii) Mention two characteristics required

Mis, #questionexplain strategic mis categories in detail with illustration....

#questionexplain strategic mis categories in detail with illustration..

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd