Simple batch systems, Basic Computer Science

Assignment Help:

Simple Batch Systems:

Early machines were very expensive, and therefore it was important to maximize machine utilization. To improve utilization, the concept of batch operating system was developed. It appears that the first batch operating system (and the first operating system of any kind) was developed in the mid-1950s by General Motors for use on an IBM 701. The concept was subsequently refined and implemented on the IBM 704 by a number of IBM customers.  

The central idea behind the batch processing  system was the use of a piece of software known as the monitor. With the use of this type of operating system, the user no longer had direct access to the machine. Rather, the user submitted the job on cards or tape to a computer operator, who batches the jobs together sequentially and places the entire batch on an input device, for use by the monitor.  Many important breakthroughs in operating system design occurred in the early 1960s which laid the foundation for design of modern operating system. 

 In 1963, Burroughs design of Master Control Program (MCP), which included design of many of the features of modern systems such as support for multiprocessing (with two identical CPUs) as well as multitasking capabilities. 

IBM introduces OS/360 as the operating system for its new System/360 in 1964. OD/360 provided a powerful language to expedite batch processing known as Job Control Language. It introduced a simple form of  multiprogramming  or multitasking feature that facilitated loading several jobs into main memory, so that other jobs programs could use the CPU when one job was busy with I/O. By this time, disks were also becoming available. To take its advantage the OS introduced features to cards onto disk while the CPU executed its jobs; thus, when a job completed, the OS could load another job from disk into memory, ready to run. This improved the OS scheduling capability. Multiprogramming or multitasking is the central theme of modern operating system.  


Related Discussions:- Simple batch systems

Hardware, Hardware Hardware includes the cable and a Hub/Switch that...

Hardware Hardware includes the cable and a Hub/Switch that will connect the participating computers together. Printers or any other peripherals connected to one computer can

Fundamental of algorithm, exchanging the two variables: problem,algorithm d...

exchanging the two variables: problem,algorithm development,discription

Super computers, Super Computers: The specialised demands and requirem...

Super Computers: The specialised demands and requirements of science, industry and military have led to the creation of powerful super computers. For numerically intensive com

Applications software, Applications Software: General aspects on appli...

Applications Software: General aspects on applications software. Applications software is the program that allow the user to get the required work done. In other words, applic

Flow decomposition technique to list the cycles, QUESTION (a) Consider ...

QUESTION (a) Consider the graph below, use the Flow Decomposition technique to list the cycles and paths produced.                                                (b) Pr

OPERATING SYSEMS, Design an ER diagram for an IT training group. The compan...

Design an ER diagram for an IT training group. The company has 12 instructors and can handle upto 100 trainees for each training section. The company offers 5 advanced technology c

Netbooks, Netbooks: Netbooks are special type of Laptop which is very ...

Netbooks: Netbooks are special type of Laptop which is very  light and small. Due to its size and weight it is very portable and one may carry it very easily. Dissimilar to La

Computer science, You recently returned some homework I completed but i lef...

You recently returned some homework I completed but i left of the final 10 questions. Should not take long just needs some commands interpreted. How much will it cost for me to get

10, constant key use for in calculator

constant key use for in calculator

Create a flowchart that displays the student''s avera, Ask questiCreate a f...

Ask questiCreate a flowchart that displays the student''s average score for three quizzes. + Assume that there are 3 sections each having 5 students + The only valid number to be

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd