Simple batch systems, Basic Computer Science

Assignment Help:

Simple Batch Systems:

Early machines were very expensive, and therefore it was important to maximize machine utilization. To improve utilization, the concept of batch operating system was developed. It appears that the first batch operating system (and the first operating system of any kind) was developed in the mid-1950s by General Motors for use on an IBM 701. The concept was subsequently refined and implemented on the IBM 704 by a number of IBM customers.  

The central idea behind the batch processing  system was the use of a piece of software known as the monitor. With the use of this type of operating system, the user no longer had direct access to the machine. Rather, the user submitted the job on cards or tape to a computer operator, who batches the jobs together sequentially and places the entire batch on an input device, for use by the monitor.  Many important breakthroughs in operating system design occurred in the early 1960s which laid the foundation for design of modern operating system. 

 In 1963, Burroughs design of Master Control Program (MCP), which included design of many of the features of modern systems such as support for multiprocessing (with two identical CPUs) as well as multitasking capabilities. 

IBM introduces OS/360 as the operating system for its new System/360 in 1964. OD/360 provided a powerful language to expedite batch processing known as Job Control Language. It introduced a simple form of  multiprogramming  or multitasking feature that facilitated loading several jobs into main memory, so that other jobs programs could use the CPU when one job was busy with I/O. By this time, disks were also becoming available. To take its advantage the OS introduced features to cards onto disk while the CPU executed its jobs; thus, when a job completed, the OS could load another job from disk into memory, ready to run. This improved the OS scheduling capability. Multiprogramming or multitasking is the central theme of modern operating system.  


Related Discussions:- Simple batch systems

Explain the role of it in bpr, Question 1. Explain the levels of managemen...

Question 1. Explain the levels of management? Question 2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of DBMS Question 3. What are the advantages and disadvantages o

Differentiate between a dynamic and a static web site, QUESTION a) Diff...

QUESTION a) Differentiate between a dynamic and a static web site. b) Why are electronic mails (e-mails) preferred to the post office mails? How do they affect the modern of

Comp 100, I have an account in my www.itlab.com and i have a test and it s...

I have an account in my www.itlab.com and i have a test and it should do tonight, so do you have any one to help me and do this test and it is about excel

M s word., explain the steps to form a colourful card

explain the steps to form a colourful card

Telecommunication protocols, TELECOMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS: The two majo...

TELECOMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS: The two major components relating to a WAN are the Protocol and the Media. The media are the actual path ways that the protocol travels on. The ne

C++, You are to code a C++ program that will read the file IntList into an ...

You are to code a C++ program that will read the file IntList into an integer array. There are no more than 20 integers in the file. After all of the data is read into the file,

Algorithm - programming language, Algorithm : Once a problem has been defi...

Algorithm : Once a problem has been defined precisely, a procedure or process must be designed to produce the required output from the given input. Since a computer is a machine t

Reflex agent-artificial intelligence, Reflex agent-Artificial Intelligence ...

Reflex agent-Artificial Intelligence If an agent decides and executes an action in response to a sensor input without consultation of its world, then it may be considered a ref

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd