Simple batch systems, Basic Computer Science

Assignment Help:

Simple Batch Systems:

Early machines were very expensive, and therefore it was important to maximize machine utilization. To improve utilization, the concept of batch operating system was developed. It appears that the first batch operating system (and the first operating system of any kind) was developed in the mid-1950s by General Motors for use on an IBM 701. The concept was subsequently refined and implemented on the IBM 704 by a number of IBM customers.  

The central idea behind the batch processing  system was the use of a piece of software known as the monitor. With the use of this type of operating system, the user no longer had direct access to the machine. Rather, the user submitted the job on cards or tape to a computer operator, who batches the jobs together sequentially and places the entire batch on an input device, for use by the monitor.  Many important breakthroughs in operating system design occurred in the early 1960s which laid the foundation for design of modern operating system. 

 In 1963, Burroughs design of Master Control Program (MCP), which included design of many of the features of modern systems such as support for multiprocessing (with two identical CPUs) as well as multitasking capabilities. 

IBM introduces OS/360 as the operating system for its new System/360 in 1964. OD/360 provided a powerful language to expedite batch processing known as Job Control Language. It introduced a simple form of  multiprogramming  or multitasking feature that facilitated loading several jobs into main memory, so that other jobs programs could use the CPU when one job was busy with I/O. By this time, disks were also becoming available. To take its advantage the OS introduced features to cards onto disk while the CPU executed its jobs; thus, when a job completed, the OS could load another job from disk into memory, ready to run. This improved the OS scheduling capability. Multiprogramming or multitasking is the central theme of modern operating system.  


Related Discussions:- Simple batch systems

Scheme, There is a path between two vertices if there is a series of edges ...

There is a path between two vertices if there is a series of edges that you can use to travel between them. For example, between vertices 1 and 3 above, there is a path made up of

Eeprom, Ask queswhat is the advanages of eeprom?

Ask queswhat is the advanages of eeprom?

Flowchart, create a flowchart showing average score for the 3 quizzes assum...

create a flowchart showing average score for the 3 quizzes assume that there are 3 sections each having 5 students the only valid number to be entered is 1-100 for the quizzes shou

What is packet switching? explain, Question 1 What are the five subscriber...

Question 1 What are the five subscriber-related signaling functions performed by the operator? Question 2 Compare Microprogrammed control and Hard-wired control Que

One dimensional array, One dimensional array:  A one-dimensional arra...

One dimensional array:  A one-dimensional array  is a structured collection of elements  that can be accessed individually by specifying the position of a component with  ind

Artificial intelligence-representations/languages used, Many persons are ta...

Many persons are taught AI with the opening line: " The three most important things in AI are representation, representation and representation ". While selecting the method of

Explain the basic structure of a c program, Question 1 Explain the basic...

Question 1 Explain the basic structure of a C program with an example 2 What would be the value of x after execution of the following statements? 3.What are the commonly u

BUS STRUCTURE, Ask question #WHAT IS TWO BUS STRUCTURE

Ask question #WHAT IS TWO BUS STRUCTURE

Explain with diagram the internal components of alu, Problem 1. Explain...

Problem 1. Explain with diagram the internal components of ALU. Diagram Explaining Internal components 2. What is addressing mode? Explain any five addressing mo

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd