Simple batch systems, Basic Computer Science

Assignment Help:

Simple Batch Systems:

Early machines were very expensive, and therefore it was important to maximize machine utilization. To improve utilization, the concept of batch operating system was developed. It appears that the first batch operating system (and the first operating system of any kind) was developed in the mid-1950s by General Motors for use on an IBM 701. The concept was subsequently refined and implemented on the IBM 704 by a number of IBM customers.  

The central idea behind the batch processing  system was the use of a piece of software known as the monitor. With the use of this type of operating system, the user no longer had direct access to the machine. Rather, the user submitted the job on cards or tape to a computer operator, who batches the jobs together sequentially and places the entire batch on an input device, for use by the monitor.  Many important breakthroughs in operating system design occurred in the early 1960s which laid the foundation for design of modern operating system. 

 In 1963, Burroughs design of Master Control Program (MCP), which included design of many of the features of modern systems such as support for multiprocessing (with two identical CPUs) as well as multitasking capabilities. 

IBM introduces OS/360 as the operating system for its new System/360 in 1964. OD/360 provided a powerful language to expedite batch processing known as Job Control Language. It introduced a simple form of  multiprogramming  or multitasking feature that facilitated loading several jobs into main memory, so that other jobs programs could use the CPU when one job was busy with I/O. By this time, disks were also becoming available. To take its advantage the OS introduced features to cards onto disk while the CPU executed its jobs; thus, when a job completed, the OS could load another job from disk into memory, ready to run. This improved the OS scheduling capability. Multiprogramming or multitasking is the central theme of modern operating system.  


Related Discussions:- Simple batch systems

Syntax of a Procedure in assembly language, There are two kinds of procedur...

There are two kinds of procedures, the intrasegments, which are found on the similar segment of instructions and the inter-segments which can be stored on dissimilar memory segment

Python Strings and Python Lists, Python Strings: Strings in Python are rec...

Python Strings: Strings in Python are recognized as an adjacent set of characters in among quotation marks. Python permits for either pairs of single or double quotes. Subsets of s

Microsoft office, Finding someone who doesn''t use some aspect of Microsoft...

Finding someone who doesn''t use some aspect of Microsoft Office on a daily basis is difficult. Whether it is Outlook for email,Word for creating and editing documents,or Excel f

Readymade versus custom-made software, READYMADE VERSUS CUSTOM-MADE SOFTWAR...

READYMADE VERSUS CUSTOM-MADE SOFTWARE Nursing care software can be in two forms. Software can be custom-made with the help of a computer programmer, suited for a client with v

Instruction pipeline, How branching takes place in Instruction pipeline. Ex...

How branching takes place in Instruction pipeline. Explain with suitable examples.

Explain briefly about gnome desktop, Question 1 Brief about the shells of ...

Question 1 Brief about the shells of Linux operating system Question 2 Explain briefly about GNOME desktop Question 3 Write note on the following Encryption Sig

We will compare the performance of a vector processor, In this problem we w...

In this problem we will compare the performance of a vector processor with a system that contains a scalar processor and a GPU-based coprocessor. In the hybrid system, the host pr

Fuction to delete a record in phone book in c, function to delete a telepho...

function to delete a telephone book record in c programing using struct and objects...?

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd