Simple batch systems, Basic Computer Science

Assignment Help:

Simple Batch Systems:

Early machines were very expensive, and therefore it was important to maximize machine utilization. To improve utilization, the concept of batch operating system was developed. It appears that the first batch operating system (and the first operating system of any kind) was developed in the mid-1950s by General Motors for use on an IBM 701. The concept was subsequently refined and implemented on the IBM 704 by a number of IBM customers.  

The central idea behind the batch processing  system was the use of a piece of software known as the monitor. With the use of this type of operating system, the user no longer had direct access to the machine. Rather, the user submitted the job on cards or tape to a computer operator, who batches the jobs together sequentially and places the entire batch on an input device, for use by the monitor.  Many important breakthroughs in operating system design occurred in the early 1960s which laid the foundation for design of modern operating system. 

 In 1963, Burroughs design of Master Control Program (MCP), which included design of many of the features of modern systems such as support for multiprocessing (with two identical CPUs) as well as multitasking capabilities. 

IBM introduces OS/360 as the operating system for its new System/360 in 1964. OD/360 provided a powerful language to expedite batch processing known as Job Control Language. It introduced a simple form of  multiprogramming  or multitasking feature that facilitated loading several jobs into main memory, so that other jobs programs could use the CPU when one job was busy with I/O. By this time, disks were also becoming available. To take its advantage the OS introduced features to cards onto disk while the CPU executed its jobs; thus, when a job completed, the OS could load another job from disk into memory, ready to run. This improved the OS scheduling capability. Multiprogramming or multitasking is the central theme of modern operating system.  


Related Discussions:- Simple batch systems

Explain the tcp/ip reference model with diagram, Question 1 Define the fol...

Question 1 Define the following terms                                   1) Analog Signals and Digital Signals 2) Composite signals Question 2 Define the following terms

Definition of resource sharing , Resource sharing is a concept which has de...

Resource sharing is a concept which has developed to contain many cooperative activities among libraries and other stakeholders. Interlibrary loan continues to be the basis of reso

What is Load and store the assembly programs?, It would not emerge practica...

It would not emerge practical to type an entire program each time it is required, and to avoid this it is possible to store a program on the disk, with the vast advantage that by b

Analogue computers, ANALOGUE COMPUTERS A computer is basically a proble...

ANALOGUE COMPUTERS A computer is basically a problem-solving device. In aircraft radio systems the problem to be solved is concerned with navigation, in that given certain inf

IPC in linux, to do a assignment regarding IPC in linux

to do a assignment regarding IPC in linux

Digital logic design, Find the complement of the following decimal 7

Find the complement of the following decimal 7

Central processing unit (cpu), Central Processing Unit (CPU): The CPU ...

Central Processing Unit (CPU): The CPU is the physical device that controls computer operations. It is considered as the 'brain' of the computer system. The CPU comprises thre

Micro-computer, explain the function of each block in the block diagram of ...

explain the function of each block in the block diagram of micro-computer

Digital transmission, Digital Transmission: In digital transmission, w...

Digital Transmission: In digital transmission, wave patterns are translated into discrete bits and are separated by intervals. Bits (contraction for binary digits) are the sma

Rental model, Rental model: This has come into picture as Software as...

Rental model: This has come into picture as Software as a Service (SaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS) models have evolved over a period of time. Here, the buyer need not

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd