Simple batch systems, Basic Computer Science

Assignment Help:

Simple Batch Systems:

Early machines were very expensive, and therefore it was important to maximize machine utilization. To improve utilization, the concept of batch operating system was developed. It appears that the first batch operating system (and the first operating system of any kind) was developed in the mid-1950s by General Motors for use on an IBM 701. The concept was subsequently refined and implemented on the IBM 704 by a number of IBM customers.  

The central idea behind the batch processing  system was the use of a piece of software known as the monitor. With the use of this type of operating system, the user no longer had direct access to the machine. Rather, the user submitted the job on cards or tape to a computer operator, who batches the jobs together sequentially and places the entire batch on an input device, for use by the monitor.  Many important breakthroughs in operating system design occurred in the early 1960s which laid the foundation for design of modern operating system. 

 In 1963, Burroughs design of Master Control Program (MCP), which included design of many of the features of modern systems such as support for multiprocessing (with two identical CPUs) as well as multitasking capabilities. 

IBM introduces OS/360 as the operating system for its new System/360 in 1964. OD/360 provided a powerful language to expedite batch processing known as Job Control Language. It introduced a simple form of  multiprogramming  or multitasking feature that facilitated loading several jobs into main memory, so that other jobs programs could use the CPU when one job was busy with I/O. By this time, disks were also becoming available. To take its advantage the OS introduced features to cards onto disk while the CPU executed its jobs; thus, when a job completed, the OS could load another job from disk into memory, ready to run. This improved the OS scheduling capability. Multiprogramming or multitasking is the central theme of modern operating system.  


Related Discussions:- Simple batch systems

Purchasing a database program, When purchasing a database program, you must...

When purchasing a database program, you must have a clear idea of what you need it for. Ask yourself the following questions. (1) Will it perform all (he operations necessary f

Define Interprocess Communication and its race condition?, In view of the f...

In view of the fact that processes frequently need to communicate with other processes therefore, there is require for a well-structured interaction, devoid of using interrupts, a

Explain the different types of addressing modes, Question 1 What are the d...

Question 1 What are the different stages of evolution of Computer Architecture? Explain in detail Question 2 What are the components of Instruction Set architecture? Discu

What is the difference between kernel mode and user mode fun, The differenc...

The difference between kernel mode and user mode gives a rudimentary form of security in the following manner. Convinced instructions could be executed only when the CPU is in kern

Assignment, write an essay explaining the following: 1.Storage aspects a. D...

write an essay explaining the following: 1.Storage aspects a. Disk formatting, b.Disk boot block ,c.Bad block removal, d.Compensation.

Formulate linear programming problem, Question (a) A firm produces four...

Question (a) A firm produces four products: P , Q , R , and S . Each unit of product P requires two hours of milling, one hour of assembly, and $10 worth of in-process in

Computer input, COMPUTER INPUT: Figure shows input information for a ty...

COMPUTER INPUT: Figure shows input information for a typical airborne digital computer.  The sensors in Figure develop analogue electrical signals representing: -

Right click on a folder, I want the detailed theory about the options which...

I want the detailed theory about the options which occur when we right click on a folder.

Basic parts of a computers, The basic parts of a computers are shown in Fig...

The basic parts of a computers are shown in Figure.   Input devices such as a keyboard, mouse or scanner are used to enter input (data and/or instructions), directly

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd