Q. Show Upper Layers of tcp-ip model?
The Session Layer
- The Session layer allows two parties to hold ongoing communications called a session across a network.
- Not found in TCP/IP model
- In TCP/IP its characteristics are offered by the TCP protocol.(Transport Layer)
The Presentation Layer
The Presentation Layer manages data format information for networked communications. This is complete by converting data into a generic format that could be understood by both sides.
- Not found in TCP/IP model
- In TCP/IP this function is offered by the Application Layer.
Example - External Data Representation Standard (XDR)
MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)
The Application Layer
The Application Layer is the highest layer of the reference model. It offers a set of interfaces for applications to obtain access to networked services as well as access to the kinds of network services that support applications directly.
- MHS, DS, OSI- FTAM, VT, CMIP
TELNET, TCP/IP- FTP, SMTP, DNS, SNMP
- Even though the notion of an application process is common to both their approaches to constructing application entities are different.