Show the effect of temperature on chemical equilibrium, Chemistry

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The effects that temperature has on the equilibrium position of a reaction can also be explained by using Le Chtelier's Principle.

Recall that in an exothermic reaction, heat is given off. Therefore, heat can be considered to be a product:
A + B -> C + D + Heat

On the other hand, in an endothermic reaction, heat is absorbed. Therefore, heat can be considered to be a reactant:
A + B + Heat -> C + D

Consequently, increasing the temperature (or adding heat) shifts exothermic reactions to the left, and increasing temperature (or adding heat) shifts endothermic reactions to the right. As these reactions proceed in such a manner to minimize the change in temperature, we can see Le Ch->telier's Principle in action.

Let's consider an example. Nitrogen dioxide, NO2, a dark brown gas, exists in equilibrium with dinitrogen tetroxide, N2O4, a colorless gas, as shown in the following chemical reaction:

N2O2 + Heat -> 2NO2
       Pale Brown       Dark Brown

Applying Le Chtelier's Principle to the above reaction, we would expect that increasing the temperature (adding heat) would favor the production of the dark brown NO2 gas. Conversely, decreasing the temperature (removing heat) would favor the production of the pale brown N2O2 gas.


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