Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Quantization Error
Sampling followed by quantization is equivalent to quantization followed by sampling. Figure illustrates a message signal f (t) and its quantized version denoted by fq(t). The difference between fq(t) and f (t) is known as the quantization error εq(t),
εq (t) = fq (t) - f(t)
Theoretically, fq(t) can be recovered in the receiver without error. The recovery of fq(t) can be viewed as the recovery of f (t) with an error (or noise) εq(t) present. For a small δv with a large number of levels, it can be shown that the mean-squared value of εq(t) is given by
When a digital communication system transmits an analog signal processed by a uniform quantizer, the best SNR that can be attained is given by
where S0 and Nq represent the average powers in f (t) and εq(t), respectively. When f (t) fluctuates symmetrically between equal magnitude extremes, i.e., -|f(t)|max ≤ f(t) ≤ |f(t)|max, choosing a sufficiently large number of levels L, the step size δv comes out as
It can be seen that messages with large crest factors will lead to poor performance.
Q. Draw the common source drain and transfer characteristics of a JFET. How are they useful? The graph below shows variation of the drain current Id as a function of the drain
Plug and Socket Condition : In the same way that your knowledge of flexes and fuses is wasted if you don't care to ensure that flexes and cables are routed safely and sensibly, so
CPU Based Exchange: In centralized control, all control equipment is replaced by a single processor which should be quite powerful. It should be capable of processing 10 to 100 c
When three resistors R1, R2 and R3 are connected in parallel as shown in the diagram. For these resistors the equivalent resistance is given by: a. Derive a rule to
Q. Counters are used to realize various dividers in the schematic representation of the digital clock shown in Figure. The blocks labeled "logic array" are logic gate combinations
Q. What do you mean by communication channel? The communication channel (transmissionmedium) is the physicalmediumthat is utilized to send the signal from the transmitter to th
Distribution: This has been recognized as the most critical segment of the electricity business. Here the NEP calls for proper restructuring of distribution utilities for achi
Q. Show Principal source of energy? The principal source of energy comes from the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and oil to generate steam, which drives steam turbines, w
Q. what is frequency synthesized signal generator? Describe its circuit in detail. OR Give the circuit details of frequency synthesizer also explain its working. OR
Q. Find idealized expressions for the active and ohmic states and sketch the universal characteristics of an n-channel enhancement MOSFET operated below breakdown.
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd