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In this section, we will discuss about Sequential file organization. Sequential files have data records stored in a particular sequence. A sequentially organized file might be stored on either a serial-access or a direct-access storage medium.
Structure
In order to provide the 'sequence' required, a 'key' has to be defined for the data records. Generally a field whose values can uniquely identify data records is chosen as the key. If a single field cannot fulfill this criterion, then combination of fields can serve like a key.
Worst Case: For running time, Worst case running time is an upper bound with any input. This guarantees that, irrespective of the type of input, the algorithm will not take any lo
Explain how two dimensional arrays are represented in memory. Representation of two-dimensional arrays in memory:- Let grades be a 2-D array as grades [3][4]. The array will
Conceptually, the stack abstract data type mimics the information kept into a pile on a desk. Informally, first we consider a material on a desk, where we might keep separate stack
Which sorting algorithms does not have a worst case running time of O (n 2 ) ? Merge sort
There are four data type groups: Integer kepts whole numbers and signed numbers Floating-point Stores real numbers (fractional values). Perfect for storing bank deposit
what is an algorithms
for (i = 0; i sequence of statements } Here, the loop executes n times. Thus, the sequence of statements also executes n times. Since we suppose the time complexity of th
Prim's algorithm employs the concept of sets. Rather than processing the graph by sorted order of edges, this algorithm processes the edges within the graph randomly by building up
A spanning tree of any graph is only a subgraph that keeps all the vertices and is a tree (having no cycle). A graph might have many spanning trees. Figure: A Graph
Explain an efficient way of storing two symmetric matrices of the same order in memory. A n-square matrix array is said to be symmetric if a[j][k]=a[k][j] for all j and k. For
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