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But how can we carry out fragmentation? Fragmentation may be carried out as per the following rules:
a) Completeness: This rule makes sure that there is no loss of data while fragmentation. If a relation is decomposed into fragments, then every data item must appear in at least single fragment.
b) Reconstruction: This rule makes sure preservation of functional dependencies. It should be possible to describe a relational operation that will reconstruct the relation from its fragments.
c) Disjointness: A data item that shows in a fragment should not show in any other fragment. Though, a typical fragmentation known as vertical fragmentation is an exception to this rule. In vertical fragmentation the primary key attributes must be repeated to permit reconstruction of original relation.
This rule makes sure minimization of data redundancy. What are the dissimilar types of fragmentation?
A relation instance indicates as r is a collection of tuples for a given relational schema at a exact point of time. A relation state r of the relation schema R (A 1 ,A 2 ,.....
What is Structured Query Langauge (SQL)? SQL is a powerful set-oriented language which was formed by IBM research for the databases that adhere to the relational model. It havi
#questiontypes of keys examples..
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why we fregment at all?
Which data manipulation command combines the records from one or more tables ? JOIN data manipulation command combines the records from one or more tables.
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