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But how can we carry out fragmentation? Fragmentation may be carried out as per the following rules:
a) Completeness: This rule makes sure that there is no loss of data while fragmentation. If a relation is decomposed into fragments, then every data item must appear in at least single fragment.
b) Reconstruction: This rule makes sure preservation of functional dependencies. It should be possible to describe a relational operation that will reconstruct the relation from its fragments.
c) Disjointness: A data item that shows in a fragment should not show in any other fragment. Though, a typical fragmentation known as vertical fragmentation is an exception to this rule. In vertical fragmentation the primary key attributes must be repeated to permit reconstruction of original relation.
This rule makes sure minimization of data redundancy. What are the dissimilar types of fragmentation?
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Define Radix conversion method One clever way to transform binary numbers to BCD notation (binary-coded decimal) is the "double dabble algorithm". It can be adapted to transfo
What is the use of RAID? A variety of disk-organization methods, collectively called redundant arrays of independent disks are used to better the performance and reliability.
Define average seek time. The average seek time is the average of the seek times, calculated over a sequence of random requests.
Write a query that display ename annual salary and comm from emp table
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What do you mean by atomicity and aggregation? Atomicity : Either all actions are carried out or none are. Users should not have to worry about the effect of incomplete trans
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