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Biological effects: Aflatoxins are acute hepatotoxins and are known to be carcinogenic in some animal species as rat. Aflatoxin B1 is acutely toxic and is responsible for liver necrosis. The toxicological effects of the aflatoxins are influenced by their metabolism after intake into their body.
Figure: Representation of the metabolism of aflatoxin and its biological effects
When cows eat feed containing aflatoxin, aflatoxin M1 and M2 is excreted in the milk. Although M1 and M2 are less toxic than the parent compound B1, M1 retains its toxic and carcinogenic ability in many animals. The LD50 of AFB1 for rats by the oral route is 1.2mg/kg and 1.5 to 2.0 mg/kg for AFG1.
different type of respiration in animals
The cell membrane is a slim semi-permeable membrane which surroundings the cytoplasm of a cell. Membrane function is to defend the integrity of the interior of the cell by allowing
Measles: The causative organism for measles is paramyxovirus. Disease spreading takes place through the nasal discharge and saliva of persons affected with measles by dro
Which of the below terms is used to describe the formation of fibrous tissue where it generally does not exist? Is it: a) Fibrosis b) Fibrogenesis c) Fibrositis d) Non
Overgrazing - Degradation of Ecosystem It refers to the condition when the grazing pressure on the vegetation is so intense that it does not recover. Ultimately, there is a lo
Skeletal muscle A. The myosin head is activated (energized) by the conversion of GTP (that is bound to myosin) to GDP and Pi (that are bound to myosin). B. Detachment of the
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genral charecter and classificatin of porifera
Insulin promotes muscle glucose uptake and metabolism. In presence of insulin muscle cells take up glucose and use it as a source of energy. Insulin also promotes storage of insuli
Calcium The calcium content in forages is affected by species, plant part (leaf versus stem), plant maturity, soil content of calcium and climate. Forages are usually a good so
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