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A database is a set of data. But, is the data kept in a database trustworthy? To answer that query we must first answer the question. What is integrity?
Integrity simply means to keep the consistency of data. Therefore, integrity constraints in a database make sure that changes made to the database by authorised users do not compromise data consistency. Therefore, integrity constraints do not permit damage to the database.
There are primarily two integrity constraints: the referential integrity constraint and the entity integrity constraint. In order to describe these two, let us first describe the term Key with respect to a Database Management System.
Explain what is Aggregation ? Aggregation: This is used whenever we intend to show a relationship between an entity and the relationship. There is no provision for this in th
Describe the nested-loop join and block-nested loop join. Ans: The block nested- loop join algorithm is as described below: for every block B r of relation R do beg
What is the difference between serial and sequential files? How searching is applied on both? Ans: A serial file is one where the records have been stored in the order where
Explain the Project-Join normal form A relation R is in PJNF along with respect to a set of functional dependencies D if for all join dependencies of the outline *(R 1 , R 2 ,
Secondary Indexes Let consider the student database and its clustering index and primary (only one will be applicable at a time). Now consider the state when the database is to
Design Documentation The Design Document shall be an extension of Requirements Analysis Design. "The Design Document will comprise a revised and much more detailed descrip
Explain how the object classes are mapped to tables. Each object class maps to one or more than one tables in the database. The objects in the class may be partitioned horizont
example of bank
The First Normal Form (1NF) Let us first describe 1NF: Definition: A relation (table) is in 1NF if 1. There are no duplicate tuples or rows in the relation. 2.
vertical fragmentation
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