relational algebra, PL-SQL Programming

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Define basic operators of relational algebra with an example each

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Providing results of queries, Providing Results of Queries Expressing ...

Providing Results of Queries Expressing queries in SQL is the (big) subject. Here I present just a simple example to give you the flavour of things to come in those chapters.

Example of not exists operator - sql, Example of NOT EXISTS Operator - SQL ...

Example of NOT EXISTS Operator - SQL Example is a translation into SQL of the corresponding example, which is included there merely to show that for any scalar comparison the

Use the pls_integer datatype - performance of application, Use the PLS_INTE...

Use the PLS_INTEGER Datatype When you require to declare an integer variable, use the datatype PLS_INTEGER that is the most efficient numeric type. That is as the PLS_INTEGER

Group and having query, Using a join on 2 tables, select all columns and 10...

Using a join on 2 tables, select all columns and 10 rows from the 2 tables without the use of a Cartesian product. Query: SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE1 E JOIN STAFF S ON E.EMP_

Relational algebra - sql, Relational Algebra - SQL It describes some ...

Relational Algebra - SQL It describes some operators, that together constitute an algebra that is not only relationally complete but also irreducibly so (very nearly- apart f

Transaction context, Transaction context As the figure shows, the majo...

Transaction context As the figure shows, the major transaction shares its context with the nested transactions, but not with the autonomous transactions. Similarly, If one aut

Packages, Packages The package is a schema object which groups logicall...

Packages The package is a schema object which groups logically associated to the PL/SQL items, types, and subprograms. The Packages have 2 sections: the specification & the bod

Using default-declarations in sql, Using DEFAULT You can use the keyword...

Using DEFAULT You can use the keyword DEFAULT rather than that of the assignment operator to initialize the variables. For e.g. the declaration blood_type CHAR := ’O’; it can b

%notfound - implicit cursor attributes, %NOTFOUND The %NOTFOUND is the...

%NOTFOUND The %NOTFOUND is the logical opposite of the %FOUND. The %NOTFOUND yields TRUE when an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement affected no rows, or the SELECT INTO state

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