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Relational Algebra is a set of basic operations used to influence the data in relational model. These operations allow the user to specify basic retrieval request. The result of retrieval is a new relation, produced from one or more relations. These operations can be divided in two categories:
• Basic Set Operations
1) UNION
2) SET DIFFERENCE
3) INTERSECTION
4) CARTESIAN PRODUCT
• Relational Operations
1) JOIN
2) PROJECT
3) SELECT
4) DIVISION
What is a value? A data value is used for identity. This form of identity is used in relational systems.eg: The primary key value of a tuple recognize the tuple.
composite attribute
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If R1 and R2 are two relations or functions, then the result of R3 = R1 × R2 is the combination of tuples that are in R1 and R2. The product is associative and commutative. Degr
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This language that enable user manipulate to or access data as organized by appropriate data model. Low level or Procedural DML : DML needs a user to specify what data ar
What Is Sql? Structured Query Language (SQL) is a standard query language. It is usually used with all relational databases for data manipulation and definition. All the re
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