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Relational Algebra is a set of basic operations used to influence the data in relational model. These operations allow the user to specify basic retrieval request. The result of retrieval is a new relation, produced from one or more relations. These operations can be divided in two categories:
• Basic Set Operations
1) UNION
2) SET DIFFERENCE
3) INTERSECTION
4) CARTESIAN PRODUCT
• Relational Operations
1) JOIN
2) PROJECT
3) SELECT
4) DIVISION
List out various user authorization to modify the database schema. a) Index authorization b) Resource authorization c) Alteration authorization d) Drop authorizat
Explain I command in QBE ? I : It is the command in QBE that is used to insert tuple (s) into the database
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Creation of Indexes Automatically: When a primary key or Unique constraint is show in a table definition then a unique index is formed automatically. Manually: User can
Differentiate between B-tree and B + tree Ans: A B-tree (or Balanced Tree) is a search tree along with additional constraints that makes sure that the tree is all the time
Horizontal Fragmentation- Horizontal fragmentation groups together the tuples in a relation that are collectively used by the main transactions. A horizontal fragment is produced b
Describe domain constraints. Domain constraints contain entity integrity and referential integrity. The domain is a set of values that might be assigned to an attribute. The en
A collection of a same kind of entities is known as an Entity Set or entity type. Example: For the COLLEGE database defines earlier objects of concern are Students, Faculty,
What is the use of keyword ISA? The use of keyword ISA is to show that a class is a specialization of another class.
What are the several kinds of the update operations on relations? Also explain the constraints on these update operation. Give instance in support of your answer. There are th
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