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Relational Algebra is a set of basic operations used to influence the data in relational model. These operations allow the user to specify basic retrieval request. The result of retrieval is a new relation, produced from one or more relations. These operations can be divided in two categories:
• Basic Set Operations
1) UNION
2) SET DIFFERENCE
3) INTERSECTION
4) CARTESIAN PRODUCT
• Relational Operations
1) JOIN
2) PROJECT
3) SELECT
4) DIVISION
What are the functions of an accumulator? The accumulator is the register associated with the ALU operations and sometimes I/O operations. It is an integral part of ALU. It hol
Rules Of Data Normalisation Let us now summarise Normalisation with the help of various clean rules. The following are the necessary rules for the Normalisation process: 1.
The result of the UNION operation between R1 and R2 is a relation that includes? The result of the operation between R1 and R2 includes all the tuples of R1 and R2 which have c
Need 2 projects completed in 3NF format.
notes about update opreation
Define the five basic operators of relational algebra? Five basic operators of relational algebra are: 1. Union (∪∪∪∪) - Selects tuples which are in either P or Q or in both
What is called mirroring? The simplest approach to introducing redundancy is to duplicate each disk. This method is called mirroring or shadowing.
Create a new user : CREATE USER IDENTIFIED BY Example: //CREATE USER MCA12 IDENTIFIED BY W123 Grant: It is used to give database access permission to users. It is of
The primary key is selected from the
State about the Tables- DBMS Data is stored in columns and rows (much like a spreadsheet -main difference is how data is organised). Every row in a table is known as a record
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