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Relational Algebra is a set of basic operations used to influence the data in relational model. These operations allow the user to specify basic retrieval request. The result of retrieval is a new relation, produced from one or more relations. These operations can be divided in two categories:
• Basic Set Operations
1) UNION
2) SET DIFFERENCE
3) INTERSECTION
4) CARTESIAN PRODUCT
• Relational Operations
1) JOIN
2) PROJECT
3) SELECT
4) DIVISION
Have a look around the site, and at some of the sites they have featured. These are all examples of bad design, and also offer an explanation about why they fall into this category
What is called a query evaluation plan? A sequence of primitive operations that can be used to assess a query is a query evaluation plan or a query implementation plan.
Draw the precedence graph of the following schedule and determine whether the schedule is serializable. (Note that all instructions, except lock and unlock, are omitted. We assume
Optimistic Concurrency Control Is locking the only way to stop concurrency related problems? There exist some other ways too. One such way is known as an Optimistic Concurrency
What is known as clustering file organization? In the clustering file organization, records of several dissimilar relations are stored in the similar file.
Adding Redundant Associations for Efficient Access The expression redundant association means using "duplicate association for proficient access". While analysis, it is not a
Define data conversion? Helpful to load data into temporary staging tables. Then can write SQL code to do much of data processing. SQL code is simpler and faster to write than
how to solve the C type problems?
How nulls are treated in comparison operator? Along with comparison (relational) operators, the null values are ignored as we cannot derive the relation along with the given op
what is inverted and multilist structure
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