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The idea of reference counting is to maintain, for every object, the total number of references to that object, i.e. the number of "incoming" pointers. Whenever the number of references is zero we know that the object is not accessible through any pointers, and thus it is garbage. Also, whenever we choose to delete some useless object,we have to recursively check that object to see if it contains pointers to other objects; if so, we have decrement the reference counters for those objects as well. One problem of reference counting, though, is how to deal with cycles. Suppose object A points to B, and B points to A. If these objects can only be reached through each other, we have to free them too, even though their counters are not zero! Note that cycles can common inmany data structures; for example, consider a doubly-linked list. The commonly adopted solution to this problem is to run mark-sweep now and then, in order to remove cyclic references, and then run normal reference counting on the rest of the time.
What are the different types of semaphore? Principally the semaphore is able to be classified into two on the basis of their values a) Counting semaphore: In counting s
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Define properties of Distributed operating system Distributed:- This system distributes computation among several physical processors. The processors do not share memory or a
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Explain the Spawnvp Function used in the netware Spawnvp(flags, execNmae, argv) This function executes similarly to spawnlp( ) except that parameters are passed as a v
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Define entry section and exit section. The critical section problem is to design a protocol that the processes can use to cooperate. Every process must request permission to e
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