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The idea of reference counting is to maintain, for every object, the total number of references to that object, i.e. the number of "incoming" pointers. Whenever the number of references is zero we know that the object is not accessible through any pointers, and thus it is garbage. Also, whenever we choose to delete some useless object,we have to recursively check that object to see if it contains pointers to other objects; if so, we have decrement the reference counters for those objects as well. One problem of reference counting, though, is how to deal with cycles. Suppose object A points to B, and B points to A. If these objects can only be reached through each other, we have to free them too, even though their counters are not zero! Note that cycles can common inmany data structures; for example, consider a doubly-linked list. The commonly adopted solution to this problem is to run mark-sweep now and then, in order to remove cyclic references, and then run normal reference counting on the rest of the time.
What is a file path name? A list of the subdirectories, directories, and files we must traverse to reach a file from the root directory.
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Enhanced Second chance algorithm In this a modify bit is as well used. Now if the ordered pair of reference and modify is (0,0) neither recently used nor modified - the best
Explain about deadlock detection? In deadlock situation, the system must provide An algorithm that verifies the state of the system to verify whether a deadlock has occu
Define Page stealing Page stealing is taking page frames another working sets
Define a state which is not a fundamental process state Answer: Blocked state is not a fundamental process state
Q. What are the major differences between operating systems for mainframe computers and personal computers? Answer: In general operating systems for batch systems have simpler
Q. What are the tradeoffs concerned in rereading code pages from the file system versus using swap space to store them? Answer: If codes pages are accumulate in swap space th
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What is a thread? A thread or else called a lightweight process (LWP) is a basic unit of CPU utilization, it comprises of a thread id, a program counter, a register set and a s
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