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The idea of reference counting is to maintain, for every object, the total number of references to that object, i.e. the number of "incoming" pointers. Whenever the number of references is zero we know that the object is not accessible through any pointers, and thus it is garbage. Also, whenever we choose to delete some useless object,we have to recursively check that object to see if it contains pointers to other objects; if so, we have decrement the reference counters for those objects as well. One problem of reference counting, though, is how to deal with cycles. Suppose object A points to B, and B points to A. If these objects can only be reached through each other, we have to free them too, even though their counters are not zero! Note that cycles can common inmany data structures; for example, consider a doubly-linked list. The commonly adopted solution to this problem is to run mark-sweep now and then, in order to remove cyclic references, and then run normal reference counting on the rest of the time.
Define process? What is meant by state of a process? Process is a program in implementation. A process in general includes the process stack, which consists temporary data and
Developing an application for android encompass different steps as follows: Setup: Development environment is prepared during this phase. This includes downloading and installi
Briefly explain the process management in UNIX. UNIX makes use of the easy but powerful process facility that is visible to the user. UNIX follows the model in which the majori
Q. Once more considering the RPC mechanism consider the exactly once semantic. Does the algorithm for implementing this semantic implement correctly even if the ACK message back to
Define the Division of Labour between Client and Server Given our definition of client - server as the interaction between dispersed application logic components it must be not
operation policies
NEXT FIT ALGORITHM Here scanning starts from the first fit position and then it finds the next position which is large sufficient to hold the process. Thus the name next fit.
What are the services provided by the operating systems? Program Development It provides a variety of services and facilities, such as debuggers and editor, to help the
Clocks in distributed systems : a. Why are clocks difficult to synchronize in distributed systems? b. What features in a system assume that the clocks are (reasonably) synchr
What is the basic approach of page replacement? If no frame is free is available, find one that is not presently being used and free it. A frame can be freed by writing its con
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