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Recovery Techniques:After Reading the types of failures and database errors, let us talk about how to recover from the failures. Recovery can be complete using/restoring the previous consistent state (backward recovery) or by moving forward to the next consistent state as per the committed transactions recovery (forward recovery). Please note that a system can recover from software and hardware failures by using the forward and backward recovery only if the system log is intact. What is the system log? We will talk about it in more detail, but first let us describe forward and backward recovery.
Table_Name( attribute_1, attribute_2, attribute_3, ….. ,attribute_x) Primary Key ( attribute_1, attribute_2) Foreign Key attribute_4 References Table_Name_2 (repeat for each fore
Explain Clustering file organization (i) Determine if a record of file is physically ordered on a nonkey field - that does not comprise a different value for each record - that
A student entity type has the following attributes,name..
Optimistic Concurrency Control Is locking the only way to stop concurrency related problems? There exist some other ways too. One such way is known as an Optimistic Concurrency
Aggregation : One limitation of the E-R diagram is that they do not permit representation of relationships between relationships. In such a case the relationship along with its ent
What is a trigger
Consider student (std_id, std_name, date_of_birth, phone, dept_name). Put the data for a student with student id200, name arun, birth date 1 February, 1985, phone number (01110 328
What are the various forms of data transparency? a) fragmentation transparency b) replication transparency c) location transparency
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a database system. Sol. Advantages of Database System (DBMS) : (1) Data Redundancy and Inconsistency: Since differen
What is called query processing? Query processing refers to the range of activities included in extracting data from a database.
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