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Recovery Techniques:After Reading the types of failures and database errors, let us talk about how to recover from the failures. Recovery can be complete using/restoring the previous consistent state (backward recovery) or by moving forward to the next consistent state as per the committed transactions recovery (forward recovery). Please note that a system can recover from software and hardware failures by using the forward and backward recovery only if the system log is intact. What is the system log? We will talk about it in more detail, but first let us describe forward and backward recovery.
Physical Database Design Issues The database design includes the process of logical design with the use of E-R diagram, normalisation, etc., followed by the physical design.
What is the use of Union and intersection operation? Union: The result of this operation contains all tuples that are either in r1 or in r2 or in both r1 and r2.Duplicate tuple
Differentiate between join and outer join? Outer joins return all rows from at least one of the tables or views mentioned within the FROM clause, as long as those rows get toge
Describe logical data independence ? Logical Data Independence - It is the capacity to modify the conceptual schema without having to change external schemas or application p
Define Deadlock detection If a system does not employ a few protocols that make sure deadlock freedom, after that a detection and recovery scheme should be used. An algorithm
what is primary key
What is ODBC ? ODBC - Open DataBase Connectivity which is also denoted by ODBC enable the integration of SQL along with a common-purpose programming language. ODBC expose data
The File Based System File based systems are an early attempt to computerise the manual filing system. For example, a manual file can be set up to hold all the correspondence r
ER diagram on cosmetics
About Attribute inheritance
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