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Recovery Techniques:After Reading the types of failures and database errors, let us talk about how to recover from the failures. Recovery can be complete using/restoring the previous consistent state (backward recovery) or by moving forward to the next consistent state as per the committed transactions recovery (forward recovery). Please note that a system can recover from software and hardware failures by using the forward and backward recovery only if the system log is intact. What is the system log? We will talk about it in more detail, but first let us describe forward and backward recovery.
Example -GRANT CREATE SESSION TO MCA12; (This command gives system level permission on creating a session - not portable) GRANT SELECT ON EMP TO MCA12; (Object level permi
What are the time stamps associated with each data item? W-timestamp (Q) denotes the largest time stamp if any transaction that implemented WRITE (Q) successfully. R-timesta
WHAT IS DBMS
Scenario 1: Power goes out after the first instruction. What happens?
distributed quey processing
In case of entity integrity, the primary key may be declared? In a case of entity integrity primary key may be not Null.
What is the difference among a database schema and a database state? The collection of information stored in database at particular moment in time is known as database state a
What is a homogeneous distributed database? In homogeneous distributed databases, all sites have the same database management system software, are aware of one another, and agr
What is SQL Profiler? SQL Profiler is a graphical tool that permits system administrators to monitor events in an instance of Microsoft SQL Server. You can capture and save dat
Creating a view: A query can be embedded within the CREATE VIEW STATEMENT A query can have complex select statements containing join, groups and sub- queries A quer
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