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Recovery Techniques:After Reading the types of failures and database errors, let us talk about how to recover from the failures. Recovery can be complete using/restoring the previous consistent state (backward recovery) or by moving forward to the next consistent state as per the committed transactions recovery (forward recovery). Please note that a system can recover from software and hardware failures by using the forward and backward recovery only if the system log is intact. What is the system log? We will talk about it in more detail, but first let us describe forward and backward recovery.
Describe the algorithm to draw the dependency graph? Ans: Algorithm to draw Precedence Graph is like this: a. For every transaction T i participating in schedule S, make
Explain the steps for reduction of E-R model into relational model. Ans:(a) Entity set in E-R model will be considered as table name in relational Model. (b) Attributes of e
Explain Domain calculus Domain calculus is one of the types of the relational calculus. The formal specification of the domain calculus was planned after the development of the
What is bucket overflow and how bucket overflow is handled through Over Flow Chaining or Closed Hashing? Ans: Bucket: unit of storage holding records. Bucket is a disk block
Question: (a) Prepare an ERD for the scenario given below. (b) Convert the ER diagram produced in (a) above into its physical design. You have to choose an appropriate Pri
Data Definition Language It organises the data in the form of columns and rows. But what does the data field column of table accumulate? How do you describe it using SQL? Th
What is the use of unique function? UNIQUE function: If UNIQUE is specified then only unique values are used to computed the mean.
Describe Dynamic Model. The dynamic model specifies allowable sequences of changes to the objects from an object model. It contains event trace diagrams describing scenarios. A
Explain the cartesian product in Database Management System
(a) Why did SAP introduce the extended star schema?
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