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Recovery Techniques:After Reading the types of failures and database errors, let us talk about how to recover from the failures. Recovery can be complete using/restoring the previous consistent state (backward recovery) or by moving forward to the next consistent state as per the committed transactions recovery (forward recovery). Please note that a system can recover from software and hardware failures by using the forward and backward recovery only if the system log is intact. What is the system log? We will talk about it in more detail, but first let us describe forward and backward recovery.
What are the situations while DBMS should not be used? DBMS should not be used in situations like: (i) No need of security. (ii) Not difficulty to access the data (iii) N
Most computer systems authenticate users by asking them for the user name and password. However, the user names and passwords often can be guessed by hackers. Suggest an automated,
Distributed Control and Data sharing: The geographical distribution of an organization can be showed in the distribution of the data; if a number of different sites are linked to e
One-to-many : An entity in A is related with any number of entities in B. An entity in B is related with at the most one entity in A. Example: Relationship between faculty and d
What are views? Explain how views are different from tables? A view in SQL terminology is a one table in which is derived from other tables. These other tables could be base t
Define the notation for classes and atrributes The notation for class, attribute, and operations are shown below: Figure: Class with attributes and operations A
What is the way a particular application views the data from the database that the application uses? Sub schema is the way a particular application views the data from the data
Describe integrity and security? a) Domain constraint b) Referential integrity A value that appears in one relation for a given set of attributes also appear fo
What is Natural Language Interfaces? Natural Language Interfaces - These interfaces accept requests written within English or a few other language and attempt to "understand" t
Consider the relations: PROJECT(proj#,proj_name,chief_architect) EMPLOYEE(emp#,emp_name) ASSIGNED(proj#,emp#) Use relational algebra to express the subsequent queries: (i) Get
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