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Recovery Techniques:After Reading the types of failures and database errors, let us talk about how to recover from the failures. Recovery can be complete using/restoring the previous consistent state (backward recovery) or by moving forward to the next consistent state as per the committed transactions recovery (forward recovery). Please note that a system can recover from software and hardware failures by using the forward and backward recovery only if the system log is intact. What is the system log? We will talk about it in more detail, but first let us describe forward and backward recovery.
Mappings between Levels and Data Independence The 3 levels of abstraction in the database do not exist separately of each other. There must be some correspondence, or mapping
Describe Physical Data independence ? Physical Data Independence - It is capacity to modify the internal schema without having to change conceptual schema. Therefore, the exter
Northwind Pty Ltd sells a variety of food products throughout the world. They want to use the reporting features of SAP's Business Information Warehouse to better understand their
Whta is the advantage of the database management approach? The advantage of the database management approach is data is integrated and can be accessed by multiple programs.
What are audit trails? An audit trail is a log of all alters to the database along with information like which user performed the change and when the alter was performed.
Define Direct file organization? The direct file organization is employed to enhance the performance in accessing the records than sequential file organization. In direct file
what is primary key
What is a relationship called when it is maintained between two entities? A relationship is called Binary relationship when it is maintained between two entities.
Now that she understands more about the benefits of databases, the play-scheme manager would like to extend the play-scheme database to include data for schools and instructors as
how to find entities
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