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Recovery Techniques:After Reading the types of failures and database errors, let us talk about how to recover from the failures. Recovery can be complete using/restoring the previous consistent state (backward recovery) or by moving forward to the next consistent state as per the committed transactions recovery (forward recovery). Please note that a system can recover from software and hardware failures by using the forward and backward recovery only if the system log is intact. What is the system log? We will talk about it in more detail, but first let us describe forward and backward recovery.
Timestamps For Read operations: If TS (T) If TS (T) >= W-timestamp (Q), then the transaction T is trying to read a value of data item Q which has been written and committed
When is a transaction rolled back? Any changes that the aborted transaction made to the database must be uncompleted. While the changes caused by an aborted transaction have be
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(a) Data warehouse can be defined as "a subject-oriented, integrated, time-variant, non-volatile collection of data" in support of management's decision making process. Explain ea
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why are older data models are being replaced by new data models
Explain four causes for failures in data warehouse projects
Problem : AirwaysCentre, an international airline booking company currently uses a relational database system for their operations, which includes the following relations: P
Express types of information available in MySQL? Information as regards the result of queries: This includes number of records affected by any SELECT or UPDATE or DELETE st
What is Functional Dependency? A Functional dependency is shown by X Y among two sets of attributes X and Y that are subsets of R specifies a constraint on the possible tuple
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