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Recovery Techniques:After Reading the types of failures and database errors, let us talk about how to recover from the failures. Recovery can be complete using/restoring the previous consistent state (backward recovery) or by moving forward to the next consistent state as per the committed transactions recovery (forward recovery). Please note that a system can recover from software and hardware failures by using the forward and backward recovery only if the system log is intact. What is the system log? We will talk about it in more detail, but first let us describe forward and backward recovery.
Consider the relations given below Borrower (id_no, name) Book (accno., title, author, borrower_idno) (a) Define the above relations as tables in SQL forming real world assumptio
Key to represent relationship amongs tables is called ? A Key that represent the relationship between tables is called Foreign Key.
explain participation constraints with examples
System R was developed and designed over a period of 1974-79 at IBM San Jose Research Company. Its purpose was to illustrate that it is possible to create a Relational System tha
What do you understand by a view? What does WITH CHECK OPTION clause for a view do? - A view is a virtual table which comprises fields from one or more real tables. - It is
What are the advantages of creating a table from existing table?
In a relation, tuples are not inserted in any definite order. Ordering of tuples is not defined as a part of a relation definition. Though, records may be structured later accordin
Draw the precedence graph of the following schedule and determine whether the schedule is serializable. (Note that all instructions, except lock and unlock, are omitted. We assume
Define the terms 1) physical schema 2) logical schema. Physical schema: The physical schema explains the database design at the physical level, which is the lowest lev
Emergence of Client Server Architecture Some of the pioneering work that was completed by some of the relational database vendors permitted the computing to be distributed on m
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