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Recovery Techniques:After Reading the types of failures and database errors, let us talk about how to recover from the failures. Recovery can be complete using/restoring the previous consistent state (backward recovery) or by moving forward to the next consistent state as per the committed transactions recovery (forward recovery). Please note that a system can recover from software and hardware failures by using the forward and backward recovery only if the system log is intact. What is the system log? We will talk about it in more detail, but first let us describe forward and backward recovery.
Describe different steps of the object-oriented design process. The broad steps of the object-oriented design process are: a. Define context and modes of use of the system
Consider the relation PERSON. If you want to display details of persons having age less than or equal to 30 than the select operation will be used as follows: σ AGE The resu
Explain the Project-Join normal form A relation R is in PJNF along with respect to a set of functional dependencies D if for all join dependencies of the outline *(R 1 , R 2 ,
why are older data base model are being replaced by new data model
Define the concept of aggregation. Give two examples where this concept is useful. Ans: Aggregation transforms a relationship among the objects into a higher-level object. A
How can you map NULL values to other values while display? IF( ) , IFNULL( ) keywords are used to do so. They are 'LIMIT' is used for the following kinds of problems: 1) Ans
Code an Oracle Database trigger to enforce the constraint that an employee can never change his or her department.
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An example of a weak entity is Staff because the availabilityID cannot be uniquely identified unless it is used in conjunction with the foreign key known as availabilityID in the A
A constraint named less_than_20 was defined on the field date_of_birth of table student. Delete this constraint. ALTER TABLE student DROP CONSTRAINT less_than_20;
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