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Quantification in SQL
To quantify something, as the theory book has it, is to state its quantity, to say how many of it there are. For example, in Tutorial D the expression COUNT(r) denotes the number of tuples in the relation r, to be interpreted as the number of objects represented by those tuples that satisfy a predicate that r is considered to represent. Universal quantification-stating that something is true of all objects under consideration-is involved in expressions such as
Use of Table Expressions - Expressing Constraint Conditions With the exception of key constraints, the examples in the theory book all explicitly reference at least one relvar
Example of Foreign Key Constraint Example: Alternative formulation for 6.3 as a foreign key constraint ALTER TABLE EXAM_MARK ADD CONSTRAINT Must_be_enrolled_to_take_exam
Order of Evaluation When you do not use the parentheses to specify the order of evaluation, the operator precedence determine the order. Now compare the expressions below: NOT
Declaring Cursor Variables Once a REF CURSOR type is define by you, and then you can declare the cursor variables of that type in any PL/SQL block or subprogram. In the exampl
Closing a Cursor Variable The CLOSE statement disables the cursor variable. After that, the related result set is undefined. The syntax for the same is as shown below: CLOS
Using Operator REF: You can retrieve refs by using the operator REF that, like VALUE, takes as its argument a correlation variable. In the illustration below, you retrieve one
Question 1 . Compare SQL and PL/SQL Question 2 . Write a database trigger to implement the following check condition Given the following table
RETURN Statement The RETURN statement instantly completes the execution of a subprogram and returns control to the caller. The Execution then resumes with the statement below t
1. a. Write a trigger that fires when a part's price is updated. The trigger will write a record into a table called PriceUpdates. The record should contain the information of
IS NULL Operator The IS NULL operator returns the Boolean value TRUE whenever its operand is null or FALSE if it is not null. The comparisons including the nulls always yield NU
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