Purification and nomenclature of organic compound, Chemistry

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Modern Meaning of Organic Chemistry

Organic chemistry is a chemistry of hydrocarbons and their derivatives where covalently bonded carbon is a necessary constituent. Berzelius put forward a theory in year 1815 termed as vital force theory. It describes that, "organic compounds could be prepared just only by living organism within the influence of a mysterious force termed as vital force".  Accidental synthesis of urea from Wohler and synthesis of acetic acid from Kolbe led to the fall of this theory.

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Berthelot made methane in laboratory and the mainly abundant organic compound is cellulose that is a polymer of glucose. Kekule and Couper planned the tetravalency of carbon and wrote the first structural formula. In year 1874, Van't Hoff and Le Bell suggested a tetrahedron model of carbon.


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