Protoplasm, Biology

Assignment Help:

Protoplasm

  • Also known as bioplast.
  • It is gelly like & semi liquid in appearance.
  • It is translucent in nature.
  • It is colourless, oderless, viscous, elastic & granular in nature.
  • Protoplasm is essential for life.
  • Protoplasm is the fluid along with all the structures of cell bounded with in the limits of cell membrane.
  • Protoplasm includes plasmalemma, cytoplasm & nucleus.
  • Different types of granules are embeded in it, capable to perform all vital activities, so protoplasm is vector for vital activities.
  • Strusburger differentiated protoplasm into somatoplasm & germplasm in body.
  • In Amoeba somatoplasm & germplasm are not differentiated so body is known as soma.
  • Main component of protoplasm is water, functions as solvent.
  • By increasing age water conetents are reduced so activity becomes dull.
  • In dorment seed water is less as a result seeds are inactive.
  • According to Renke & Roderwald analysis of protoplasm is not possible in living state because most of the reactions are exothermic.
  • On analysis water, CO & amonia are formed.
  • Due to proteins protoplasm is coloidal in nature.
  • It is polyphagic and reversible.
  • Acidic group of protein controls chemical equilibrium.
  • Protoplasm is crystallo-colloidal mixture, explained by Fisher & Hardy.
  • It's particle size is .001m to .1m..
  • In colloidal sol, gel, arosol & emulsion are clear.
  • Except arosol remaining 3 present in living system.
  • Colloidal system is composed of 2 stages-

(i) Dispersion phase/ Continuous form / Intermicellus

(ii) Dispersed phase/ discontinuous form/ micellus

  • On the basis of these 2 stages, colloids are of following types -

(A) Sol - Dispersion phase is liquid. Dispersed phase is solid. In sol stage protoplasm in less viscous. Sol stage occure in many living cells. It is less granular. Protein chain is more folded.

(B) Gel - Dispersion phase is solid. Dispersed phase is liquid. Protoplasm is more viscous. It is more granular. Protein chain is unfolded.

  • Sol stage provides          - Cyclosis, Brownian movements, High reactivity to protoplasm.
  • Gel stage provides          - Elasticity, Contractibility, Rigidity, Viscosity
  • Sol gel stages are interchangeable, so protoplasm is a reversible colloidal system.
  • Non-living colloids are irreversible.
  • Protoplasm has motion because of cyclosis, brownian movement & amoeboid movement.
  • These movement depends on  - age of cells, amount of water, genetic factors, chemical composition of protoplasm.
  • With increase in age, brownian movement is stoped.
  • So, ultimately it becomes inactive i.e. death of protoplasm.
  • Mg+2 controls sol gel stages.
  • Sol gel conversion is a physico chemical reaction.

(c) Emulsion

  • Two liquids of different density are mixed, e.g. haemolymph.

(d) Aerosol

  • Solid particles are dispersed in gas.

Related Discussions:- Protoplasm

What are the factors that limit ability to fully classify, What are the fac...

What are the factors that limit our ability to fully classify and understand microbial diversity and what implications do these challenges have for environmental and health managem

Professional guidance in diabetes mellitus, Counselling refers to professi...

Counselling refers to professional guidance in resolving personal conflicts and emotional problems. Counselling is a process which enables a person to identify problems and find a

Natural selection would lead to the spread of favorable, If jean-Baptiste d...

If jean-Baptiste de Lamarck was correct, than a. Natural selection would lead to the spread of favorable traits within a population b. Finches that stretched their beaks to access

Industrial melanism, In this section, we shall discuss a classic example of...

In this section, we shall discuss a classic example of natulal selection in action. In the preceding unit, it was stated that natural selection always aims at eliminating alleles,

Classification of protozoa, Classification of Protozoa Traditionally, ...

Classification of Protozoa Traditionally, protozoans have been classified as flagellates, amoebae, sporozoans and ciliates. We have retained this broad grouping for convenienc

Connective tissue, how connective tissues are like an estuary

how connective tissues are like an estuary

What are examples of nematodes, What are examples of nematodes? Ascaris...

What are examples of nematodes? Ascaris, hookworm and filaria, all parasites of humans, are instance of nematodes (also called as roundworms).

Optic vesicle, Optic vesicle We have explained earlier that the presum...

Optic vesicle We have explained earlier that the presumptive material for the optic vesicles lies in qe eye field in the anterior region of the early neural plate. Experiments

Rejection reaction, Rejection Reaction For rejection reaction the phys...

Rejection Reaction For rejection reaction the physiological and biochemical processes are set in the pistil by the recognition reaction specific to the type of pollen that lan

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd