Protoplasm, Biology

Assignment Help:

Protoplasm

  • Also known as bioplast.
  • It is gelly like & semi liquid in appearance.
  • It is translucent in nature.
  • It is colourless, oderless, viscous, elastic & granular in nature.
  • Protoplasm is essential for life.
  • Protoplasm is the fluid along with all the structures of cell bounded with in the limits of cell membrane.
  • Protoplasm includes plasmalemma, cytoplasm & nucleus.
  • Different types of granules are embeded in it, capable to perform all vital activities, so protoplasm is vector for vital activities.
  • Strusburger differentiated protoplasm into somatoplasm & germplasm in body.
  • In Amoeba somatoplasm & germplasm are not differentiated so body is known as soma.
  • Main component of protoplasm is water, functions as solvent.
  • By increasing age water conetents are reduced so activity becomes dull.
  • In dorment seed water is less as a result seeds are inactive.
  • According to Renke & Roderwald analysis of protoplasm is not possible in living state because most of the reactions are exothermic.
  • On analysis water, CO & amonia are formed.
  • Due to proteins protoplasm is coloidal in nature.
  • It is polyphagic and reversible.
  • Acidic group of protein controls chemical equilibrium.
  • Protoplasm is crystallo-colloidal mixture, explained by Fisher & Hardy.
  • It's particle size is .001m to .1m..
  • In colloidal sol, gel, arosol & emulsion are clear.
  • Except arosol remaining 3 present in living system.
  • Colloidal system is composed of 2 stages-

(i) Dispersion phase/ Continuous form / Intermicellus

(ii) Dispersed phase/ discontinuous form/ micellus

  • On the basis of these 2 stages, colloids are of following types -

(A) Sol - Dispersion phase is liquid. Dispersed phase is solid. In sol stage protoplasm in less viscous. Sol stage occure in many living cells. It is less granular. Protein chain is more folded.

(B) Gel - Dispersion phase is solid. Dispersed phase is liquid. Protoplasm is more viscous. It is more granular. Protein chain is unfolded.

  • Sol stage provides          - Cyclosis, Brownian movements, High reactivity to protoplasm.
  • Gel stage provides          - Elasticity, Contractibility, Rigidity, Viscosity
  • Sol gel stages are interchangeable, so protoplasm is a reversible colloidal system.
  • Non-living colloids are irreversible.
  • Protoplasm has motion because of cyclosis, brownian movement & amoeboid movement.
  • These movement depends on  - age of cells, amount of water, genetic factors, chemical composition of protoplasm.
  • With increase in age, brownian movement is stoped.
  • So, ultimately it becomes inactive i.e. death of protoplasm.
  • Mg+2 controls sol gel stages.
  • Sol gel conversion is a physico chemical reaction.

(c) Emulsion

  • Two liquids of different density are mixed, e.g. haemolymph.

(d) Aerosol

  • Solid particles are dispersed in gas.

Related Discussions:- Protoplasm

What is endocytosis, Which of the following is true for endocytosis? A....

Which of the following is true for endocytosis? A. During endocytosis of GLUT4 transporters in fat cells, there is removal of GLUT4 transporters from plasma membranes. B. Du

Anatomy, what is the longest cell in human body

what is the longest cell in human body

Polypeptide chains of hemoglobin, Q. In sickle cell anemia, a hereditary di...

Q. In sickle cell anemia, a hereditary disease, there is replacement of one amino acid by another in one of the four polypeptide chains of hemoglobin. In this case are all of the s

Name the foods allowed in soft diet, Which Foods allowed in soft diet:- ...

Which Foods allowed in soft diet:- Soups - mildly flavoured -  broths and cream soups. Beverages -  all Meat -  moist, tender meat, fish or chicken, cottage cheese, eggs

What is oxidation and reduction, What is Oxidation and Reduction? Oxid...

What is Oxidation and Reduction? Oxidation and Reduction :   Most people are familiar with oxidation as it pertains to the rusting of metals. Oxygen grabs electrons from iron

Explain about biodiversity, How do biodiversity, the total number of living...

How do biodiversity, the total number of living beings and the biomass respectively vary during the ecological succession? Biodiversity, the number of living beings and the bio

Explain the digestion of carbohydrates, Explain the Digestion of carbohydra...

Explain the Digestion of carbohydrates? You are aware that 60-70% of energy is supplied by the dietary carbohydrates which are primarily present as polysaccharides (starch) fol

How vaginal infections cause, How Vaginal infections cause Sulfonamide ...

How Vaginal infections cause Sulfonamide creams, other ''broad-spectrum'' vaginal preparations, and currently available preparations of Lactobacillus  species or dairy products

What are the two big groups into which cells are classified, Q What are the...

Q What are the two big groups into which cells are classified? Cells can be classified as prokaryotic or eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cell is that with no delimited nucleus. Eukaryo

Explain dietary diversification - iron deficiency anaemia, Explain the Diet...

Explain the Dietary diversification - Iron Deficiency Anaemia? It aims to ensure that deficient populations have access to foods rich in iron and also foods rich in vitamin C (

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd