Protoplasm, Biology

Assignment Help:

Protoplasm

  • Also known as bioplast.
  • It is gelly like & semi liquid in appearance.
  • It is translucent in nature.
  • It is colourless, oderless, viscous, elastic & granular in nature.
  • Protoplasm is essential for life.
  • Protoplasm is the fluid along with all the structures of cell bounded with in the limits of cell membrane.
  • Protoplasm includes plasmalemma, cytoplasm & nucleus.
  • Different types of granules are embeded in it, capable to perform all vital activities, so protoplasm is vector for vital activities.
  • Strusburger differentiated protoplasm into somatoplasm & germplasm in body.
  • In Amoeba somatoplasm & germplasm are not differentiated so body is known as soma.
  • Main component of protoplasm is water, functions as solvent.
  • By increasing age water conetents are reduced so activity becomes dull.
  • In dorment seed water is less as a result seeds are inactive.
  • According to Renke & Roderwald analysis of protoplasm is not possible in living state because most of the reactions are exothermic.
  • On analysis water, CO & amonia are formed.
  • Due to proteins protoplasm is coloidal in nature.
  • It is polyphagic and reversible.
  • Acidic group of protein controls chemical equilibrium.
  • Protoplasm is crystallo-colloidal mixture, explained by Fisher & Hardy.
  • It's particle size is .001m to .1m..
  • In colloidal sol, gel, arosol & emulsion are clear.
  • Except arosol remaining 3 present in living system.
  • Colloidal system is composed of 2 stages-

(i) Dispersion phase/ Continuous form / Intermicellus

(ii) Dispersed phase/ discontinuous form/ micellus

  • On the basis of these 2 stages, colloids are of following types -

(A) Sol - Dispersion phase is liquid. Dispersed phase is solid. In sol stage protoplasm in less viscous. Sol stage occure in many living cells. It is less granular. Protein chain is more folded.

(B) Gel - Dispersion phase is solid. Dispersed phase is liquid. Protoplasm is more viscous. It is more granular. Protein chain is unfolded.

  • Sol stage provides          - Cyclosis, Brownian movements, High reactivity to protoplasm.
  • Gel stage provides          - Elasticity, Contractibility, Rigidity, Viscosity
  • Sol gel stages are interchangeable, so protoplasm is a reversible colloidal system.
  • Non-living colloids are irreversible.
  • Protoplasm has motion because of cyclosis, brownian movement & amoeboid movement.
  • These movement depends on  - age of cells, amount of water, genetic factors, chemical composition of protoplasm.
  • With increase in age, brownian movement is stoped.
  • So, ultimately it becomes inactive i.e. death of protoplasm.
  • Mg+2 controls sol gel stages.
  • Sol gel conversion is a physico chemical reaction.

(c) Emulsion

  • Two liquids of different density are mixed, e.g. haemolymph.

(d) Aerosol

  • Solid particles are dispersed in gas.

Related Discussions:- Protoplasm

Explain about insulin concentrations, Insulin Concentrations The doctor...

Insulin Concentrations The doctor always prescribes insulin dosage in units. Thus all types of insulin (crystalline, NPH, Lente, and so forth) is available in 10-ml vials that

Effects of solid waste pollution, The improper handling and transfer of the...

The improper handling and transfer of the solid wastes results in various health and environmental hazards, such as: 1.      Spoilage of landscape: Municipal wastes heap up o

Roots, secondary growth in roots

secondary growth in roots

Plant responses to light-dark cycles, Plant Responses to Light-Dark Cycles ...

Plant Responses to Light-Dark Cycles Based on their requirement for day length (number of hours of light) for flowering plants have been grouped under three major categories,

Excitation of heart - circulation, Excitation of Heart - Circulation T...

Excitation of Heart - Circulation The heart has an inherent capacity to contract rhythmically without any external stimulus. Proof of this is obtained when we see that the hea

Proteins made by the same total number of amino acid, Are there different p...

Are there different proteins made by the same total number of amino acids? Different proteins with the similar total number of amino acids may exist. In such cases the separati

State about the importance of potassium, State about the importance of Pota...

State about the importance of Potassium  Potassium is the third major element required for plant growth, generally absorbed as K + ion. In soil 95 to 99 percent of potassium e

What is the heterotrophic hypothesis on the origin of life, What is the het...

What is the heterotrophic hypothesis on the origin of life? As per to the heterotrophic hypothesis the first living beings were very simple heterotrophic organisms that is not

How occlusal load affect osseointegration, Q. How Occlusal load affect osse...

Q. How Occlusal load affect osseointegration? Overloading the recognizing bone tissue prematurely will cause failure of osseointegration. A two stage surgery is advised routine

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd