Protoplasm, Biology

Assignment Help:

Protoplasm

  • Also known as bioplast.
  • It is gelly like & semi liquid in appearance.
  • It is translucent in nature.
  • It is colourless, oderless, viscous, elastic & granular in nature.
  • Protoplasm is essential for life.
  • Protoplasm is the fluid along with all the structures of cell bounded with in the limits of cell membrane.
  • Protoplasm includes plasmalemma, cytoplasm & nucleus.
  • Different types of granules are embeded in it, capable to perform all vital activities, so protoplasm is vector for vital activities.
  • Strusburger differentiated protoplasm into somatoplasm & germplasm in body.
  • In Amoeba somatoplasm & germplasm are not differentiated so body is known as soma.
  • Main component of protoplasm is water, functions as solvent.
  • By increasing age water conetents are reduced so activity becomes dull.
  • In dorment seed water is less as a result seeds are inactive.
  • According to Renke & Roderwald analysis of protoplasm is not possible in living state because most of the reactions are exothermic.
  • On analysis water, CO & amonia are formed.
  • Due to proteins protoplasm is coloidal in nature.
  • It is polyphagic and reversible.
  • Acidic group of protein controls chemical equilibrium.
  • Protoplasm is crystallo-colloidal mixture, explained by Fisher & Hardy.
  • It's particle size is .001m to .1m..
  • In colloidal sol, gel, arosol & emulsion are clear.
  • Except arosol remaining 3 present in living system.
  • Colloidal system is composed of 2 stages-

(i) Dispersion phase/ Continuous form / Intermicellus

(ii) Dispersed phase/ discontinuous form/ micellus

  • On the basis of these 2 stages, colloids are of following types -

(A) Sol - Dispersion phase is liquid. Dispersed phase is solid. In sol stage protoplasm in less viscous. Sol stage occure in many living cells. It is less granular. Protein chain is more folded.

(B) Gel - Dispersion phase is solid. Dispersed phase is liquid. Protoplasm is more viscous. It is more granular. Protein chain is unfolded.

  • Sol stage provides          - Cyclosis, Brownian movements, High reactivity to protoplasm.
  • Gel stage provides          - Elasticity, Contractibility, Rigidity, Viscosity
  • Sol gel stages are interchangeable, so protoplasm is a reversible colloidal system.
  • Non-living colloids are irreversible.
  • Protoplasm has motion because of cyclosis, brownian movement & amoeboid movement.
  • These movement depends on  - age of cells, amount of water, genetic factors, chemical composition of protoplasm.
  • With increase in age, brownian movement is stoped.
  • So, ultimately it becomes inactive i.e. death of protoplasm.
  • Mg+2 controls sol gel stages.
  • Sol gel conversion is a physico chemical reaction.

(c) Emulsion

  • Two liquids of different density are mixed, e.g. haemolymph.

(d) Aerosol

  • Solid particles are dispersed in gas.

Related Discussions:- Protoplasm

Determine the enzymatic chemical reactions, How does facilitated diffusion ...

How does facilitated diffusion present similarities with enzymatic chemical reactions? One of the main examples of facilitated transport is the entrance of glucose from the blo

Chlorofluorocarbons cause global problem, In what way do chlorofluorocarbon...

In what way do chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) cause global problems? Chlorofluorocarbons react with and deplete the ozone in the ozone layer. This permits more ultra-violet light f

What is embryogenesis explain in detail, What is Embryogenesis explain in d...

What is Embryogenesis explain in detail? Embryogenesis in humans consists of the first eight weeks of development of the zygote. Embryogenesis in animals is generally divided i

Disorders of upper respiratory tract, DISORDERS OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT:...

DISORDERS OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT: Common Cold: It is most frequent and most common infection in infants  and children. Common cold corresponds  to  acute nasopharyn

Describe the concept of the gene, Through the year of 1960s, the gene was c...

Through the year of 1960s, the gene was clearly explained as the region of DNA which gives increase to a single polypeptide or to a one RNA for genes whose final product is RNA not

Bovine ephemeral fever, B o v i ne ephemeral fever Ephemeral fever ...

B o v i ne ephemeral fever Ephemeral fever is commonly known as 'three-day sickness'. It affects mainly cattle and occasionally sheep in India. Causative agent is a mosquit

Osmoregulatory animal, Osmoregulatory Animal An osmoregulatory animal ...

Osmoregulatory Animal An osmoregulatory animal is generally in an osmotic steady state even though there may be hourly and daily variations in osmotic balance. The concentrati

Management of hypertension, Q. Management of hypertension? the manageme...

Q. Management of hypertension? the management of hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction. It must be clear to you that some aspects of dietary management may di

Cnidaria and protozoan, What are the advancement of cnidaria over protozoa

What are the advancement of cnidaria over protozoa

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd