Protoplasm, Biology

Assignment Help:

Protoplasm

  • Also known as bioplast.
  • It is gelly like & semi liquid in appearance.
  • It is translucent in nature.
  • It is colourless, oderless, viscous, elastic & granular in nature.
  • Protoplasm is essential for life.
  • Protoplasm is the fluid along with all the structures of cell bounded with in the limits of cell membrane.
  • Protoplasm includes plasmalemma, cytoplasm & nucleus.
  • Different types of granules are embeded in it, capable to perform all vital activities, so protoplasm is vector for vital activities.
  • Strusburger differentiated protoplasm into somatoplasm & germplasm in body.
  • In Amoeba somatoplasm & germplasm are not differentiated so body is known as soma.
  • Main component of protoplasm is water, functions as solvent.
  • By increasing age water conetents are reduced so activity becomes dull.
  • In dorment seed water is less as a result seeds are inactive.
  • According to Renke & Roderwald analysis of protoplasm is not possible in living state because most of the reactions are exothermic.
  • On analysis water, CO & amonia are formed.
  • Due to proteins protoplasm is coloidal in nature.
  • It is polyphagic and reversible.
  • Acidic group of protein controls chemical equilibrium.
  • Protoplasm is crystallo-colloidal mixture, explained by Fisher & Hardy.
  • It's particle size is .001m to .1m..
  • In colloidal sol, gel, arosol & emulsion are clear.
  • Except arosol remaining 3 present in living system.
  • Colloidal system is composed of 2 stages-

(i) Dispersion phase/ Continuous form / Intermicellus

(ii) Dispersed phase/ discontinuous form/ micellus

  • On the basis of these 2 stages, colloids are of following types -

(A) Sol - Dispersion phase is liquid. Dispersed phase is solid. In sol stage protoplasm in less viscous. Sol stage occure in many living cells. It is less granular. Protein chain is more folded.

(B) Gel - Dispersion phase is solid. Dispersed phase is liquid. Protoplasm is more viscous. It is more granular. Protein chain is unfolded.

  • Sol stage provides          - Cyclosis, Brownian movements, High reactivity to protoplasm.
  • Gel stage provides          - Elasticity, Contractibility, Rigidity, Viscosity
  • Sol gel stages are interchangeable, so protoplasm is a reversible colloidal system.
  • Non-living colloids are irreversible.
  • Protoplasm has motion because of cyclosis, brownian movement & amoeboid movement.
  • These movement depends on  - age of cells, amount of water, genetic factors, chemical composition of protoplasm.
  • With increase in age, brownian movement is stoped.
  • So, ultimately it becomes inactive i.e. death of protoplasm.
  • Mg+2 controls sol gel stages.
  • Sol gel conversion is a physico chemical reaction.

(c) Emulsion

  • Two liquids of different density are mixed, e.g. haemolymph.

(d) Aerosol

  • Solid particles are dispersed in gas.

Related Discussions:- Protoplasm

Define Stolon - Types of hyphae, Define Stolon - Types of Hyphae? Mic...

Define Stolon - Types of Hyphae? Microscopically, hyphae are aseptate and coenocytic. There are 3 kinds of hyphae: (a) Stolon - These grow horizontally on substratum surfa

How can the fermentation explain the origin of muscle cramps, How can the k...

How can the knowledge about fermentation explain the origin of muscle cramps and pains after intense physical exertion? A typical fermentation process because of oxygen scarcit

Show the difference between sperm and spermatids cells, Q. What is the diff...

Q. What is the difference between sperm and spermatids cells? What is the name of the transformation of spermatids into sperm cells? Sperm cells (the male gametes) are matured

What is gastrulation, What is gastrulation? How during gastrulation are the...

What is gastrulation? How during gastrulation are the first two germ layers formed? What are these germ layers? Gastrulation is the process by which a portion of the blastula w

Why is iodine important for human beings, Why is iodine important for human...

Why is iodine important for human beings? Iodine is a fundamental chemical element for the proper functioning of the thyroid since it is part of the hormones produced by this g

Homeostasis solution, In biology, Homeostasis is the ability of an open pro...

In biology, Homeostasis is the ability of an open program to manage its internal environment to sustain constant circumstances through several energetic stability improvements mana

Structures in a vertebrate with a four-chambered heart, Which of the follow...

Which of the following structures in a vertebrate with a four-chambered heart would have blood with the highest oxygen concentration? And why?

Investigation of tricuspid regurgitation by echo doppler, Q. Investigation ...

Q. Investigation of Tricuspid regurgitation by Echo Doppler? Investigations ECG in secondary TR shows evidence of right atrial overload and right ventricular hypertrophy

In what order should personal protection be removed, Q. In what order shoul...

Q. In what order should Personal Protection be removed? Personal protection is removed in following order: Gloves Mask Glasses Wash hands

Which molecule should be most radioactive, Yeast is cultured in the presenc...

Yeast is cultured in the presence of radioactive phosphate and the following biological molecules are purified. Which molecule should be most radioactive? A. An oligosaccharide B.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd