Properties of matter, Civil Engineering

Assignment Help:

Properties of Matter:

  • Due to surface tension, the free surface of a liquid behaves like a stretched elastic membrane tending to contract so as to have minimum surface area. It is measured as the force per unit length perpendicular to an imaginary line on the liquid surface.
  • Pressure is defined as the ratio of the force to the area on which it acts. That is : P = F /A

The fluid pressure at a point within a fluid is given as :

P = h ρ g

  • According to the Pascal's law, pressure applied at any point on the surface of a given mass of an enclosed liquid at rest is transmitted over the whole liquid.
  • Archimedes' principle states in which there is an apparent loss in the weight of a body immersed in a liquid (or gas) and this loss of weight is equal to the weight of the liquid (or gas) displaced by it.
  • An ideal fluid is incompressible and its flow is laminar, non-viscous and irrotational. A flow of liquid is of two types. Those are given below:

(i) Streamline motion, and

(ii) Turbulent motion.

  • An equation of continuity is a consequence of the principle of conservation of mass of liquid and for streamline flow of a liquid is

a1 v1 = a2 v2

where a1 and a2 are the areas of two different cross-sections of a tube of flow and v1 and v2 respectively are the velocities of flow through these sections.

  • The Bernoulli's equation is an expression representing the principle of conservation of energy for liquids. It is expressed as:

P/ ρ + gh + v2/2= constant

  • The property by virtue of which a liquid opposes relative motion between its different layers is called viscosity. It is similar to the frictional force experienced by solids in motion.
  • The property of matter to regain its natural shape and size or to oppose any attempt to deform it is called elasticity.
  • The internal restoring force, arising due to an external deforming force applied on a body, and acting per unit area of cross-section of the body is called stress. The stress may be longitudinal, compressional and shearing.
  • Strain is defined as the change in dimension of a body per unit dimension.

Strains are of three types, namely

(i) Linear strain,

(ii) Volume strain, and

(iii) Shearing strain.

  • Hooke's law states that, within elastic limit, the stress is directly proportional to the corresponding strain.

 


Related Discussions:- Properties of matter

Linear algebra concept, Scenario: You are working for a structural engineer...

Scenario: You are working for a structural engineering firm and you have been assigned the task of computing the code checks on a new structural design. Though another commercial p

Mr Kamal Saxena, What is WBM road. How it is constructed?

What is WBM road. How it is constructed?

Solid mensuration, the two sides of a triangle are 17cm and 28 cm long, and...

the two sides of a triangle are 17cm and 28 cm long, and the length of the median drawn to the third side is equal to 19.5. find the distance from an endpoint of this median to the

Explain about best hydraulic section, Q. Explain about Best hydraulic secti...

Q. Explain about Best hydraulic section? The best hydraulic section of an open channel is considered by provision of maximum discharge with a given cross sectional area. Chann

Scheming thermal reinforcement, Question What is importance of critical...

Question What is importance of critical steel ratio in scheming thermal reinforcement ? Answer Execution of critical steel ratio resources that in construction joints,

Riveted and welded joints, Riveted and Welded Joints: This theory deal...

Riveted and Welded Joints: This theory deals with riveted and welded connections. In riveted connections, you have learnt different types of rivet and various parameters perta

Non-distortional prestressing, Non-distortional Prestressing Concrete m...

Non-distortional Prestressing Concrete members deflect due to their own self weight. If prestressing force is applied in such a way that these deflections are eliminated due to

What do you mean by elastomeric bearings, Q. What do you mean by Elastomeri...

Q. What do you mean by Elastomeric bearings? Steel bearings are good but suffer from problems of corrosion and high level of maintenance. Due to these problems of steel bearing

Strength of Materials, Describe the process of yielding and state the effec...

Describe the process of yielding and state the effect work hardening has on the yield point of mild steel using suitable sketches where appropriate.

Cross drainage work, Cross Drainage Work: Several natural streams, ri...

Cross Drainage Work: Several natural streams, rivers and canals cross the road. They have to be led across the road through culverts and bridges. That given structures is kno

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd