Properties of matter, Civil Engineering

Assignment Help:

Properties of Matter:

  • Due to surface tension, the free surface of a liquid behaves like a stretched elastic membrane tending to contract so as to have minimum surface area. It is measured as the force per unit length perpendicular to an imaginary line on the liquid surface.
  • Pressure is defined as the ratio of the force to the area on which it acts. That is : P = F /A

The fluid pressure at a point within a fluid is given as :

P = h ρ g

  • According to the Pascal's law, pressure applied at any point on the surface of a given mass of an enclosed liquid at rest is transmitted over the whole liquid.
  • Archimedes' principle states in which there is an apparent loss in the weight of a body immersed in a liquid (or gas) and this loss of weight is equal to the weight of the liquid (or gas) displaced by it.
  • An ideal fluid is incompressible and its flow is laminar, non-viscous and irrotational. A flow of liquid is of two types. Those are given below:

(i) Streamline motion, and

(ii) Turbulent motion.

  • An equation of continuity is a consequence of the principle of conservation of mass of liquid and for streamline flow of a liquid is

a1 v1 = a2 v2

where a1 and a2 are the areas of two different cross-sections of a tube of flow and v1 and v2 respectively are the velocities of flow through these sections.

  • The Bernoulli's equation is an expression representing the principle of conservation of energy for liquids. It is expressed as:

P/ ρ + gh + v2/2= constant

  • The property by virtue of which a liquid opposes relative motion between its different layers is called viscosity. It is similar to the frictional force experienced by solids in motion.
  • The property of matter to regain its natural shape and size or to oppose any attempt to deform it is called elasticity.
  • The internal restoring force, arising due to an external deforming force applied on a body, and acting per unit area of cross-section of the body is called stress. The stress may be longitudinal, compressional and shearing.
  • Strain is defined as the change in dimension of a body per unit dimension.

Strains are of three types, namely

(i) Linear strain,

(ii) Volume strain, and

(iii) Shearing strain.

  • Hooke's law states that, within elastic limit, the stress is directly proportional to the corresponding strain.

 


Related Discussions:- Properties of matter

What is the force exerted by the tacoma narrows bridge, The force exerted t...

The force exerted to the Tacoma narrows bridge was initially the wind resistance. The wind resistance cause the entire bridge to act as a system with forced vibration with damping.

Show the silt curtain touching seabed, Q. Show the Silt curtain touching se...

Q. Show the Silt curtain touching seabed? Silt curtains are impermeable vertical barriers extending from seawater surface to their designed depths. Curtains are held in a verti

Construction of embankment, Construction of Embankment: The following...

Construction of Embankment: The following steps describe embankment construction : (a) The ground is cleared and grubbed and all vegetation, grass, roots, etc. are removed

Determine the geometrical parameters for layout, Q. A crossover is to be la...

Q. A crossover is to be laid between two parallel B. G. tracks at 4.725 m centers by using 52 kg, 1 in 8½ and 1 in 12 turnouts. For this layout, i. Determine the main geometrica

Rectangular panel inside a false work, Question In erection of false work, ...

Question In erection of false work, for a rectangular panel inside a false work would it be braced all along two diagonals ? Answer While a rectangular panel is focus to the

Water supply, give a short description about water supply system

give a short description about water supply system

Conducting triaxial test, Question In conducting triaxial test to deter...

Question In conducting triaxial test to determine shear strengths for soil samples, what consolidation pressures should be specified? Answer It appears that the sele

Formaldehyde and phenol are polymerised to resultant product, Formaldehyde ...

Formaldehyde and phenol are polymerised to resultant product that was known as Answer: This is known as bakelite.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd