Properties of matter, Civil Engineering

Assignment Help:

Properties of Matter:

  • Due to surface tension, the free surface of a liquid behaves like a stretched elastic membrane tending to contract so as to have minimum surface area. It is measured as the force per unit length perpendicular to an imaginary line on the liquid surface.
  • Pressure is defined as the ratio of the force to the area on which it acts. That is : P = F /A

The fluid pressure at a point within a fluid is given as :

P = h ρ g

  • According to the Pascal's law, pressure applied at any point on the surface of a given mass of an enclosed liquid at rest is transmitted over the whole liquid.
  • Archimedes' principle states in which there is an apparent loss in the weight of a body immersed in a liquid (or gas) and this loss of weight is equal to the weight of the liquid (or gas) displaced by it.
  • An ideal fluid is incompressible and its flow is laminar, non-viscous and irrotational. A flow of liquid is of two types. Those are given below:

(i) Streamline motion, and

(ii) Turbulent motion.

  • An equation of continuity is a consequence of the principle of conservation of mass of liquid and for streamline flow of a liquid is

a1 v1 = a2 v2

where a1 and a2 are the areas of two different cross-sections of a tube of flow and v1 and v2 respectively are the velocities of flow through these sections.

  • The Bernoulli's equation is an expression representing the principle of conservation of energy for liquids. It is expressed as:

P/ ρ + gh + v2/2= constant

  • The property by virtue of which a liquid opposes relative motion between its different layers is called viscosity. It is similar to the frictional force experienced by solids in motion.
  • The property of matter to regain its natural shape and size or to oppose any attempt to deform it is called elasticity.
  • The internal restoring force, arising due to an external deforming force applied on a body, and acting per unit area of cross-section of the body is called stress. The stress may be longitudinal, compressional and shearing.
  • Strain is defined as the change in dimension of a body per unit dimension.

Strains are of three types, namely

(i) Linear strain,

(ii) Volume strain, and

(iii) Shearing strain.

  • Hooke's law states that, within elastic limit, the stress is directly proportional to the corresponding strain.

 


Related Discussions:- Properties of matter

Retaining wall, I retained the soil in my yard by brick with 3 levels to a...

I retained the soil in my yard by brick with 3 levels to avoid sliding the soil to the street. the appeared part of the bricks from each level is 3 feet and less.The hidden part o

Solid mensuration, the two sides of a triangle are 17cm and 28 cm long, and...

the two sides of a triangle are 17cm and 28 cm long, and the length of the median drawn to the third side is equal to 19.5. find the distance from an endpoint of this median to the

What is pratt truss, Q. What is Pratt truss? Pratt truss is characteriz...

Q. What is Pratt truss? Pratt truss is characterized by having its diagonal members (except the end diagonals) slanted down towards the middle of bridge span. Under such struct

Centroid, How to calculate the centroid of parabola?

How to calculate the centroid of parabola?

Angular messurement using total stations, write a short note on angular mes...

write a short note on angular messurement using stations?

Passenger terminal building, Passenger Terminal Building: Importanc...

Passenger Terminal Building: Importance In a civil airport, the passenger terminal building is the centre of all activities. It services both inbound and outward boun

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd