Programming a 64-bit processor, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

You are to write a C program called big_mult.c that multiplies two unsigned 64-bit integers, x and y, read from the command line. The output is a pair of unsigned 64-bit integers representing the most significant and least significant 64 bits of the full 128-bit product x * y. The inputs and outputs are to be given in hexadecimal format. Your C program will take care of reading the inputs and printing the output, but it will call a function mulq.s to do the actual multiplication. Your C program should use only unsigned long long int variables and should not do any arithmetic. To reduce the length of our type declarations, I put the following lines into hw3.h.
typedef unsigned long long int ulli;
typedef long long int lli;

This allows us to abbreviate unsigned long long int with the shorter name ulli and long long int with lli.

The function defined by mulq.s should have the following declaration in C before the function main.
void mulq(ulli x, ulli y, ulli *high, ulli *low);

The least significant 64 bits of the product are to be assigned to low, and the most significant 64 bits of the product are to be assigned to high. Remember to put an appropriate header comment into your assembly file (the ordinary C comment /* ... */ will work for assembly too). You will also need to read carefully the description of the mulq instruction in the Intel 64/IA32 instruction set reference manual, Intel 64/IA32 instruction set reference manual, or equivalent documentation. Learning to read this two-volume 800+ page document is part of your learning experience on this assignment.

One way to approach writing this assembly program is to write a similar program in C, compile it to assembly code using the -S option, and modify the resulting assembly code to do what you need. Your final assembly code should be very short and should contain only one multiplication instruction mulq.
The compile command to test your programs will look like this:
gcc64 -Wall -std=gnu99 -o big_mult big_mult.c mulq.s .

Here are 32- and 64-bit sample outputs to use in testing your programs.
C:>big_mult 2f432f43 629b03cb
2f432f43 x 629b03cb = 12345678 87654321

C:>big_mult 99d0c486a0fad481 76a185cea6f497c7
99d0c486a0fad481 x 76a185cea6f497c7 = 4747474747474747 4747474747474747
.
Remember that arguments are passed differently in the 64-bit architecture than in the 32-bit architecture. The registers used for parameter passing in Windows are different from those described in the textbook for Unix. Windows passes only the first four parameters in registers. The registers used by Unix are %rdi, %rsi, %rdx, %rcx, %r8, %r9 in that order. The registers used by Windows are %rcx, %rdx, %r8, %r9 . See Class10.pdf for details on register usage.


Related Discussions:- Programming a 64-bit processor

Why should i use xml, ? XML can be used to explain and recognize informatio...

? XML can be used to explain and recognize information accurately and unambiguously, in a way that computers can be programmed to? Understand? (Well, at least influence as if they

Interaction design and human–computer interaction, You should now have a re...

You should now have a reasonably clear understanding of what is meant by interaction design. However, there are several other terms which are often used to refer to particular aspe

Slower layer to a faster layer, Given a four level hierarchical storage sys...

Given a four level hierarchical storage system consisting of: cache,  primary storage, secondary storage, and tertiary storage. Suppose the following:  programs may be executed on

Full form of ldap, LDAP stands for LDAP- Light weight Directory Access...

LDAP stands for LDAP- Light weight Directory Access Protocol.

Speed up factor, Remember, the value of α is between 0 and 1. Now, let us p...

Remember, the value of α is between 0 and 1. Now, let us put some values of α and compute the speed up factor for increasing values of number of processors.  We get that the S(N) k

Demux., Implement the full substractor using 8:1demux

Implement the full substractor using 8:1demux

Hat are the advantages and disadvantages of hardwired, What are the advanta...

What are the advantages and disadvantages of hardwired and micro programmed control? Advantages of hardwired control i. Operate at high speed ii Each state of this coun

Disadvantages of stateful multi-layer inspection, Disadvantages of Stateful...

Disadvantages of Stateful Multi-Layer Inspection A firewall such as the SMLI remains completely transparent to both users and applications. Consequently, SMLI firewall does no

Where does the cpu enhanced mode originate , Intel's 8086 was the first 32-...

Intel's 8086 was the first 32-bit processor, and as the company had to backward-support the 8086. All the modern Intel-based processors will run in the Enhanced mode, capable of sw

Illustrate left shift register with parallel load, Q. Illustrate Left shift...

Q. Illustrate Left shift register with parallel load? A register that shifts data in one direction only is known as Uni-directional shift register and a register that can shift

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd