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You now know that natural seleqtion aims at evolving adaptations of organisms in response to environmental changes in the inanimate world. Also many adaptations arise due to interaction with or as a response to the presence of other organisms in the environment. So far we discussed the evolution of such interactions and adaptations between closely related species which wore or less occupy the same level in the food chain. Such interspecific interactions may also occur between organisms at different lkvels in the food chain. The evolution of adaptations in response to such interactions has been largely responsible for the development of various associations be it commensalism, mutalism, parasitism or predation. For instance, the claws, teeth, speed etc., found in carnivores are adaptations evolved in response to the kind of prey species which makes up their diet. Similarly, the toxins, protective coloration I and chemical warfare devices are the adaptations evolved by the prey species to escape from the evil designs of the predator. Also selection is able to maintain and adjust the rate of reproduction of the prey species to that of predators. In short, interspecific relationships are a direct result of the coordination of the evolution of ecologically related species by the natural selection process. Very interestingly, of the two species that are involved in the evolution of such relationships, each one acts as the mutual agent of selection for the other. It is this process that is known as coevolution. In this section, we shall be analysing prey-predator, plant-herbivore and host-parasite relationships as coevolutionary processes.
Explain HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS is another example of chronic infections. Its existence was discovered recently in 1981. The spread of HIV infection is widespread and can pro
Illustrate the metabolism of cornea? Metabolism of Cornea: The corneal epithelium plays several roles in the process of image formation. Its apical cell border interacts
Diabetes Mellitus Management after Open Heart Surgery : Diabetic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery who are on oral hypoglycemic drugs are pre operatively s
Where in eukaryotic cells does mRNA synthesis occur? To where do these molecules migrate?
Q. Show the list of symptoms? The list of symptoms includes: • Bulky, pale, loose, greasy and foul smelling stools. • Anorexia, feeling of fullness, pain abdomen. The
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Explain Antiarrhythmic Drugs? Amiodarone may be considered in VT/VF that is refractory to shock. It might be given if the third shock is not successful. The dose is 300 mg IV i
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Explain Procedure for Gram Staining of Bacterial Cultures? Now carry out the exercise following the steps enumerated herewith. 1. Prepare bacterial smear on a clean, non-gre
Which of the following is TRUE about the properties of aqueous solutions? Select one: a. A pH change from 5.0 to 6.0 reflects an increase in the hydroxide ion concentration (
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