Poultry and duck diseases-avian infectous bronchitis (ib), Biology

Assignment Help:

Avian infectous bronchitis (IB)

IB virus is caused by Infectious bronchitis virus of the genus Coronavirus in the family Coronaviridae, which is a positive sense ssRNA virus. It occurs in many antigenic variants as a consequence of mutations in its large genome.


Epidemiology:
IB virus spreads between birds by aerosol and by ingestion of food contaminated with feces.


Clinical signs: This is an acute, rapidly spreading disease of young chicks, chiefly under 4 weeks of age. Occasionally, older birds are attacked in mild form. Mortality is very high among young birds. Fowls are the only known species of birds susceptible to this disease. The symptoms include gasping, coughing and crackling breathing, watery discharge from the nose, sometimes with a swelling of the sinuses. The course of the disease may be rapid with most of the birds contracting the infection and recovering within a week or 10 days, or it may persist for as long as 3 weeks. Laying of poor quality eggs having weak shell and abnormal shape may persist for several weeks in layers.


Diagnosis: It is diagnosed by the isolation of the virus in embryonated chicken eggs, cross serum-neutralization and cross immunity tests. Postmortem examination reveals catarrhal tracheitis, bronchitis and air sacculitis with slight thickening and clouding of the air sac membranes. The fluorescent antibody test on the scrapings from trachea, complement fixation, passive haemagglutination and immunodiffusion tests provide confirmatory diagnosis. In some laboratories PCR or DNA probes are also being used.


Treatment, prevention and control:
Rise in room temperature from 3 to 6 C may lower mortality rate. Food consumption should be stimulated by all possible means. Immunization may be carried out by the use of modified live virus vaccines, which produces relatively mild respiratory symptoms. These vaccines are usually administered through drinking water or as a dust or spray. It generally takes about 3 weeks for most of the birds to acquire a high degree of immunity following vaccination


Related Discussions:- Poultry and duck diseases-avian infectous bronchitis (ib)

Anatomy in relation to taxonomy, Q. Anatomy in relation to taxonomy? Th...

Q. Anatomy in relation to taxonomy? The use of anatomical* characters in taxonomy began with the development of the microscope which provided the biologist a new tool to observ

Define eosin - methylene blue (emb) agar (levine), Define Eosin - Methylene...

Define Eosin - Methylene Blue (EMB) Agar (Levine) Peptone - 10.0 gm Lactose - 5.0 gm Dipotassium - 2.0 gm Hydrogen Phosphate Agar - 13.5 gm Eosin Y - 0.4 gm M

Glycolysis, steps involved in glycolysis

steps involved in glycolysis

#title.circulatory system, #question.what is the mechanism of circulatory s...

#question.what is the mechanism of circulatory system .

Explain the nerve cell structure and function, Explain the Nerve Cell Struc...

Explain the Nerve Cell Structure and Function? Before studying the organization of the nervous system, we will look at the relationship between structure and function of nerve

Digestive gland, which system give the signals to salivary gland

which system give the signals to salivary gland

Spinal nerves, Spinal nerves: They take their origin from the spinal...

Spinal nerves: They take their origin from the spinal cord. They are the mixed nerves having both sensory and motor fibres. There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves. The se

How is lymph propelled through the lymphatics, How is lymph propelled throu...

How is lymph propelled through the lymphatics? Some of the larger lymphatics are capable to contract, or else the lymph is propelled by body muscles which contract and 'squash'

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd