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Polymorphism in LysosomesPolymorphism, i.e. existence of a structure in more than one form, is an important feature of lysosomes. Several different forms of lysosomes have been identified within the cell as primary lysosomes, secondary lysosomes, residual bodies and autophagic vacuoles Primary lysosomes: These are newly formed organelles. They are believed to be derived from the maturing face of Golgi complex whose digestive enzymes have not yet taken part in hydrolysis.Secondary lysosomes: are formed from fusion of primary lysosomes with the vesicles containing variety of substrates known as 'phagosome'. After fusion, their membrane undergoes a change and enzymes are activated so that the substrate is digested. After activation they may continue hydl-oiysis repeatedly. The secondary lysosomes which fuse. with vesicles containing extracellular substrite brought into the cell by endocytosis are known as heterophagic lysosomes or heterophagosome whereas lysosomes fusing with vesicles containing particles isola~cdf rom cell's own cytoplasm like mitochondria, microbodies, and fragments of endoplasmic reticulum are known as autophagic vacuoles. During pathological conditions or during cell growth, autodigestion of cellular organelles is a normal event.Residual bodies: lncomplete digestion of foreign substances leads to the formation of residual bodies. Residual bodies are huge, irregular in shape and are electron dense. In some cells they remain for a long time and play a role in the aging process. In some other cells, the content of the residual bodies leave the cell by exocytosis.Lysosomes are responsible for the .intracellular digestion of a variety of substances such as food molecules, disease causing organisms, etc. This process is called heterophagy. Lysosomes are also responsible for digestion of cell's own cytoplasmic constituents. This process is called autophagy. It is important that lysosomes do not rupture and release their contents inside living cells as they would start digesting the cell and cell will die.
It is mostly spread by sexual contact, blood transfers and from HIV infected mother to child.
EGESTION To give out undigested food from alimentary canal. Faeces can remain in colon for 36 hrs. then moving into rectum by gastro-colic reflex. Faeces consists of 3
WALL OF EYE BALL - Outer to inner 3 layers present. 1. Sclerotic or fibrous Tunic 2. Choroid or uvea or vescular Tunic. 3. Retina or neuro sensory tunic. Sclerotic
Humans have selectively bred many radically different domestic animals(e.g., St. Bernard and Chihuahua dog breeds). Does this activity result in evolution? why or why not?
Explain the Results of Coarctation of Aorta? Early hospital death in isolated coarctation is around 2 to 10 per cent. In many reports, mortality for older babies approaches 0.
Nuclease is an enzyme which degrades the nucleic acids. A nuclease can be DNA-specific (a DNase), RNA-specific (RNase) or non-specific. It might act only on single stranded nuclei
Surgical significance of Inferior alveolar nerve and artery In an excessively resorbed ridge, the mental foramen with its contents of mental nerve and vessels, can be found o
The main constituents of food are carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins but they are found in complex forms that cannot be directly utilized by the body. Hence, they are broken down
how to make question on classification of Protozoan parasite
Define Improvement of cereal proteins - Mutual supplementation? Improvement of cereal proteins: Cereals, in general, are limiting in lysine and threonine while legumes, milk, m
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