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Polymorphism in LysosomesPolymorphism, i.e. existence of a structure in more than one form, is an important feature of lysosomes. Several different forms of lysosomes have been identified within the cell as primary lysosomes, secondary lysosomes, residual bodies and autophagic vacuoles Primary lysosomes: These are newly formed organelles. They are believed to be derived from the maturing face of Golgi complex whose digestive enzymes have not yet taken part in hydrolysis.Secondary lysosomes: are formed from fusion of primary lysosomes with the vesicles containing variety of substrates known as 'phagosome'. After fusion, their membrane undergoes a change and enzymes are activated so that the substrate is digested. After activation they may continue hydl-oiysis repeatedly. The secondary lysosomes which fuse. with vesicles containing extracellular substrite brought into the cell by endocytosis are known as heterophagic lysosomes or heterophagosome whereas lysosomes fusing with vesicles containing particles isola~cdf rom cell's own cytoplasm like mitochondria, microbodies, and fragments of endoplasmic reticulum are known as autophagic vacuoles. During pathological conditions or during cell growth, autodigestion of cellular organelles is a normal event.Residual bodies: lncomplete digestion of foreign substances leads to the formation of residual bodies. Residual bodies are huge, irregular in shape and are electron dense. In some cells they remain for a long time and play a role in the aging process. In some other cells, the content of the residual bodies leave the cell by exocytosis.Lysosomes are responsible for the .intracellular digestion of a variety of substances such as food molecules, disease causing organisms, etc. This process is called heterophagy. Lysosomes are also responsible for digestion of cell's own cytoplasmic constituents. This process is called autophagy. It is important that lysosomes do not rupture and release their contents inside living cells as they would start digesting the cell and cell will die.
Electric Charge - Properties of Colloidal Systems Colloidal particles are electrically charged. Some colloidal particles carry a positive charge (+), others a negative charge (
ARE VIRUSES CELLULAR ORGANISMS?
Question 1 Is expression of cloned gene always a success? How does the method of molecular photo copying work? Question 2 Explain the control of gene expression with the exam
what is the fertilization?
poor metabolism phenotype will have
Define Evolution and Growth of Sports Nutrition as a Discipline? An academic discipline is basically a formal body of knowledge discovered, developed, and disseminated through
The organisms that live in hostile environments that cannot support other forms of life are members of what kingdom?
EIA suffers from following limitations: (i) ELA should be undertaken at the policy and planning level rather than at the project level. (ii) Range of possible alternati
Cap site Two usages are given below: 1] In eukaryotes, the cap site is position in the gene at which transcription begins, and really should be called the "transcription initia
protozoa locomotion
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