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Picture Clause:
The picture clause explains the general characteristics of an elementary data item.
These characteristics are elaborated below:
Class:
In COBOL the data item may be one of the 3 classes - numeric, alphabetic or alphanumeric. The numeric items consist only of digits 0 to 9. The Alphabetic items consist only of the letters A to Z (a to z) and the space (blank) character. The alphanumeric may consist of alphabets, digits as well as the special characters.
RELATIVE FILES: The Files that are stored on a direct access storage medium like magnetic disk are frequently known as direct access files. The COBOL supports three different
GIVING file-name-5. The input files to be merged through the MERGE statements which are specified in the USING phrase. These files should be sequential files and should be
WRITE Statement: The WRITE statement for a relative file has the format which is as shown below. WRITE record-name [ FORM identifier ]
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION: This section holds information regarding the files to be used in the program. There are 2 paragraphs in this section- FILE-CONTROL & I-O-CONTROL. The
IF ... ELSE STATEMENT: We are familiar with an easy form of the IF statement. The common form of the IF statement is as shown below: Each of the statement-1 and statem
Point Location: The position of the decimal point is the other characteristic which can be specified in the case of the numeric data items. If the position is not specified, t
SIMPLE MERGE VERB: Like sorting, the merging of files is often required in different commercial application. It is likely to merge two or more files with the help of one MERGE
FILE-CONTROL ENTRIES FOR THE SEQUENTIAL FILES: The characteristics of each and every files handled in a program are specified in the ENVIRONMENT DIVISION and DATA DIVISION.
Rules for apply for the condition name: The rules below apply for the condition name. (i) The Condition names should be explained at level 88. The level number starts in ma
Example of File-control: The assign clause assigns a specific physical peripheral device name to a file. The physical peripheral device are machine-dependent. We use the devic
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