Physiology and biochemistry evidences, Biology

Assignment Help:

PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY -

  • Ample and concrete evidence of organic evolution are obtained from the functional activity and chemical composition of animals.
  • J.B.S. Haldane (1937) stated that final theory of evolution will see it largely as a biochemical process.
  • Protoplasm - Protoplasm is a physical basis of life. Each cell is composed of a colloidal substance called protoplasm. The chemical composition of protoplasm is fundamentally similar in all animals.
  • Chromosome - Chromosomes are common to all living cells. They have the same chemical composition in all animals. Each chromosome is formed of proteins and nucleic acids. This is because of a common ancestry.
  • DNA - In all animals DNA functions 'as the genetic material. It is formed of many small units called nucleotides.
  • Each nucleotide has similar bases and attachment in all organisms.
  • Chimpanzees and humans share more than 97 percent of their genes.
  • Some genetic differences of vertebrates as estimated by DNA hybridization are as follows -

Organisms                                                % of difference in DNA sequences

Human/Chimpanzee                                                  1.6

Human/Gibbon                                                         3.6

Human/Rhesus monkey                                              5.5

  • Thus it can be concluded that closest living relative of man is chimpanzee. It can be proved by antiserum test.
  • Enzymes - Enzymes are proteins of high molecular weight necessary for the digestion of food. Trypsin is a protein has the same structure and function form protozoa to man. Similar amylase splits starch and occurs from the sponge to man. The similarity of enzymes shows interrelationship between various animals.
  • Hormones - Hormones are chemical messengers secreted by the endocrine glands. Thyroxine secreted by vertebrates is similar in their structure and function. In frog it is essential for metamorphosis. Thyroxine deficiency in man can be treated with the thyroxine hormone of other animals.

Related Discussions:- Physiology and biochemistry evidences

Explain the work of linnaeus in animal taxonomy, Explain the work of Linnae...

Explain the work of Linnaeus in animal Taxonomy? In 18th century, the work of Linnaeus and his followers (Haartman, 1751, 1764, Kolreuter, 1761-66) helped systematic to advance

What is the importance of iron in diet, Q. What is the importance of iron i...

Q. What is the importance of iron in diet? What is the disease caused by iron deficiency? Iron acts as a constituent of the hemoglobin molecule and of enzymes of the energetic

Counselling skills used in diabetes mellitus, Q. Counselling skills used in...

Q. Counselling skills used in diabetes mellitus? Information gathering is an important skill for understanding of the client. Behaviour is complex and, therefore it is importan

Define vitamin requirements for preterm and low birth weight, Define Vitami...

Define Vitamin and Mineral requirements for preterm and low birth weight? Care to be taken for calcium and phosphorus intake in preterm infant. Due to inefficient sodium conser

How is gas exchange done in flatworms, Q. How is gas exchange done in flatw...

Q. How is gas exchange done in flatworms? Platyhelminthes exchange gases exclusively by diffusion through their body surface. This is only possible because all cells are locali

What is hormones explain its role in humun body, What is Hormones explain i...

What is Hormones explain its role in humun body? Hormones are chemical signals that trigger responses in another part of the body. Once secreted, hormones move through the spa

Existence value of biodiversity, There may also be non-use existence values...

There may also be non-use existence values for components of biological diversity due to the value placed on biodiversity purely based on its continued existence, irrespective of w

Composition of body fluids, Composition of Body Fluids All body fluids...

Composition of Body Fluids All body fluids - plasma, interstitial and intracellular have one common feature i.e. they are formed mostly of water. You would be amazed to know t

Define factors that affect the requirement of protein, Define Factors that ...

Define Factors that affect the requirement of Protein? Protein requirement is greatly influenced by many factors such as age, environmental temperature, energy intake, gender,

Which photosystem-i or ii-most likely evolved first, Which photosystem-I or...

Which photosystem-I or II-most likely evolved first? Describe your reasoning. Photosystem II most likely evolved first, because it changes electrons lost from chlorophyll

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd