Physiology and biochemistry evidences, Biology

Assignment Help:

PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY -

  • Ample and concrete evidence of organic evolution are obtained from the functional activity and chemical composition of animals.
  • J.B.S. Haldane (1937) stated that final theory of evolution will see it largely as a biochemical process.
  • Protoplasm - Protoplasm is a physical basis of life. Each cell is composed of a colloidal substance called protoplasm. The chemical composition of protoplasm is fundamentally similar in all animals.
  • Chromosome - Chromosomes are common to all living cells. They have the same chemical composition in all animals. Each chromosome is formed of proteins and nucleic acids. This is because of a common ancestry.
  • DNA - In all animals DNA functions 'as the genetic material. It is formed of many small units called nucleotides.
  • Each nucleotide has similar bases and attachment in all organisms.
  • Chimpanzees and humans share more than 97 percent of their genes.
  • Some genetic differences of vertebrates as estimated by DNA hybridization are as follows -

Organisms                                                % of difference in DNA sequences

Human/Chimpanzee                                                  1.6

Human/Gibbon                                                         3.6

Human/Rhesus monkey                                              5.5

  • Thus it can be concluded that closest living relative of man is chimpanzee. It can be proved by antiserum test.
  • Enzymes - Enzymes are proteins of high molecular weight necessary for the digestion of food. Trypsin is a protein has the same structure and function form protozoa to man. Similar amylase splits starch and occurs from the sponge to man. The similarity of enzymes shows interrelationship between various animals.
  • Hormones - Hormones are chemical messengers secreted by the endocrine glands. Thyroxine secreted by vertebrates is similar in their structure and function. In frog it is essential for metamorphosis. Thyroxine deficiency in man can be treated with the thyroxine hormone of other animals.

Related Discussions:- Physiology and biochemistry evidences

Functions of lysosomes, FUNCTIONS (1 )      Intracellular digestion -...

FUNCTIONS (1 )      Intracellular digestion - Individual cells may obtain food through phagocytosis. The same is digested with the help of lysosomes. It is of two types:-

Golgi apparatus, GOLGI APPARATUS Camillo Golgi in 1898 discovered a retic...

GOLGI APPARATUS Camillo Golgi in 1898 discovered a reticular structure in the cytoplasm of nerve cells with the help of metal impregnation technique using silver nitrate for whic

Explain spermatocyte I and spermatocyte II, What is the difference between...

What is the difference between spermatocyte I and spermatocyte II? The spermatocyte I (2n) undergoes the primary division of meiosis (meiosis I) originating two spermatocyte II

Fibre requirements for ulcerative colitis, Q. Fibre requirements for ulcera...

Q. Fibre requirements for ulcerative colitis? Fibre: Eliminating roughage seems to have a better effect on preventing relapses of the disease. A low residue diet may be given d

Unconventional oilseed cakes/meal, Unconventional oilseed cakes/meal ...

Unconventional oilseed cakes/meal Deoiled sal (Shorea robusta) seed meal: It is a byproduct obtained after the extraction of oil from sal seeds. It is found to be high in NF

Population, Population You must be familiar with the term 'population'. I...

Population You must be familiar with the term 'population'. It is one of the most talked about issues of this century. It is feared that the rapid growth of the world population

Explain diabetes mellitus, Diabetes mellitm This anabolic hormone exert...

Diabetes mellitm This anabolic hormone exerts its action on key glycolytic  enzymes  thus  leading  to the conversion of glucose  to  pyruvate as explained under the regulation

Phylum annelida, what so special for phylum annelida

what so special for phylum annelida

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd