Physical properties of carbohydrates, Biology

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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

All monosaccharides which have an asymmetric carbon are able to rotate polarized light either to left side (laevorotatory) or right side (dextrorotatory).
Dextrorotatory sugars are more common as compared to laevorotatory ones.
Laevorotatory fructose (L-fructose) is present in honey and is called laevulose.
Pentoses, hexoses and heptoses exist in two forms, Open chain and Ring form.
Ring form is again of two types :

(a) Pyranose. Hexagon with 5 carbons and one oxygen.

(b) Furanose. Pentagon with 4 carbons and one oxygen.

Both words are given by Howarth.

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