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Being simultaneously basic and acidic, water undergoes autoprotolysis, also called self-ionization:
The equilibrium constant is
H3O+ in these equations is general simply written H+. In pure water and in solutions that do not give any additional source of H+ or OH- both ions have molar concentrations exact to 10-7. Addition of an acid decreases [OH-] and hence increases [H3O+]; addition of a base has the reverse effect.
The pH scale is defined by
Neutral water has a pH of 7, acidic solutions have lower values of ph (typically 0-7), and basic solutions or alkaline higher values (7-14). In alkaline or basic solutions [OH-] is thus greater than [H+].
Strong and weak behavior
The equilibrium constant of the protolysis reaction
is known as the acid dissociation constant (Ka) of HA or the acidity constant:
It is often expressed as a pKa value, described as
A student wishes to prepare 250ml of a 0.20mol/L solution of oxalic acid (COOH)2.2H2O. a) Calculate the amount (no.of moles) of oxalic acid required. b) Calculate the mass of oxali
A single covalent bond is build when two atoms share a pair of electrons. Triple and double bonds can be formed when two or three such pairs are shared. A Lewis structure is a repr
naming a mu-dichloro bridge in coordination compounds
ClCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 COPh + Methanoic acid ----------------> CH2-(CH2)-CH2-CO-C 6 H 6
The shape of s -orbital is: (1) Pyramidal (2) Spherical (3)Tetrahedral (4)Dumb-bell shaped Ans: Spherical
Q. Briefly explain about Diffusion of Gases? Ans. The following are some important points on the diffusion of gases: Gas molecules have an average kinetic energy
Number of neutrons in heavy hydrogen atom is: (1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 3 Ans: 1
the name of the group of metals that easily loses electrons
what is a crystal and why do crystals have regular faces?
Q. Write an account of soda lime glass and safety glasses. Ans. Soda-Lime Glass or soft glass: It is the ordinary glass in which Na 2 O is added to the melt to oxide on hea
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