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Being simultaneously basic and acidic, water undergoes autoprotolysis, also called self-ionization:
The equilibrium constant is
H3O+ in these equations is general simply written H+. In pure water and in solutions that do not give any additional source of H+ or OH- both ions have molar concentrations exact to 10-7. Addition of an acid decreases [OH-] and hence increases [H3O+]; addition of a base has the reverse effect.
The pH scale is defined by
Neutral water has a pH of 7, acidic solutions have lower values of ph (typically 0-7), and basic solutions or alkaline higher values (7-14). In alkaline or basic solutions [OH-] is thus greater than [H+].
Strong and weak behavior
The equilibrium constant of the protolysis reaction
is known as the acid dissociation constant (Ka) of HA or the acidity constant:
It is often expressed as a pKa value, described as
Nitrogen has the electronic configuration 1s 2 , 2s 2 , 2p 1 x , 2p 1 y , 2 p 1 z and not 1s 2 , 2s 2 , 2p 2 x , 2p 1 y , 2 p 0 z which is determined by: (1) Aufb
Q. Define Allotropic forms? All the elements of the group show allotropy. Oxygen exists in two allotropic forms. Dioxygen. 02, is a diatomic gas, paramagnetic in nature. Lewis
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Maximum number of electrons present in N shell is: (1) 18 (2) 32 (3) 2 (4) 8 Ans: 32
Merits of Atomic fluorescence spectrometry: Merits of the technique involve extremely low detection limits for favourable elements and the possibility of handling solid, liqui
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A water treatment plant is to process 30,000 m3/d of raw water. A tapered flocculation basin having four flocculators with velocity gradients 40/sec, 30/sec, 20/sec and 10/sec is t
The chemical reaction at one time the rate of forward and backward reaction becomes equal that state is known as Equilibrium state.
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