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Being simultaneously basic and acidic, water undergoes autoprotolysis, also called self-ionization:
The equilibrium constant is
H3O+ in these equations is general simply written H+. In pure water and in solutions that do not give any additional source of H+ or OH- both ions have molar concentrations exact to 10-7. Addition of an acid decreases [OH-] and hence increases [H3O+]; addition of a base has the reverse effect.
The pH scale is defined by
Neutral water has a pH of 7, acidic solutions have lower values of ph (typically 0-7), and basic solutions or alkaline higher values (7-14). In alkaline or basic solutions [OH-] is thus greater than [H+].
Strong and weak behavior
The equilibrium constant of the protolysis reaction
is known as the acid dissociation constant (Ka) of HA or the acidity constant:
It is often expressed as a pKa value, described as
Be's 4th electron will have four quantum numbers: n l m s (1) 1 0 0 +1/2 (2) 1 1 +1 +1/2
Ion mobility: Ion mobility is related to molar conductivity by the equations: which allows the mobilities, u+ and u- of the cation and anion to be determined from mol
What can you do to make Triethanolamine stearate less soluble in lipids?
Interactive periodic table In this interactive periodic table animation you can view details of all components through clicking on it. You can select the colored through option
Preparation of frcon
Reaction of ammonia with diborane at 475K gives a compound B3N3H6 known as borazine or borazole: Borazine is best prepared by reducing B-trichloroborazme with sodium borohy
Q. What do you mean by electro-magnetic radiation? In the untimely twentieth century scientists accepted the idea that an atom consisted of a massive positively charged nucleus
chemical & physical properties of p block elements
The electronic configuration (outermost) of Mn +2 ion (atomic number of Mn= 25 ) in its ground state is: (1) 3d 5 , 4s o (2) 3d 4 , 4s 1 (3
Q. Show the Effect of pressure on chemical equilibrium? Ans. In gases, the pressure is proportional to the number of moles of molecules. Reactions accompanied by a change
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